Figure 3
CKD-506 downregulated the levels of Th1/17 and macrophage-secreted pro-inflammatory cytokines in the blood and spinal cord of mice with experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) on day 29 post-EAE induction. C57BL/6 mice (n = 5 per group for the non-immunized groups; n = 7 per group for the other groups) were orally administered CKD-506 (10, 30, or 100 mg/kg) and fingolimod (0.3 mg/kg) daily from day 6 post-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein35–55 immunization and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in their blood or spinal cord were evaluated on day 29 post-induction (a, b). The levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-17A, IL-1β, IL-4, and TNF-α in the plasma (a) and supernatant from spinal cord homogenate (b) were quantified using the multiplex cytokine assay. Data are presented as mean ± SD; one-way ANOVA, followed by Dunnett’s post-hoc for IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-1β, TNF-α from (a) and IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-1β, TNF-α from (b); Kruskal–Wallis test, followed by post-hoc test with Dunnett’s test for IL-17A, IL-4 from (a) and IL-12, IL-4 from (b). #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, and ###p < 0.001, non-immunized groups versus vehicle group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001, drug-treated group versus vehicle group. N, non-immunized groups; V, vehicle group; Fin, fingolimod-treated group.
