Table 4 Comparison of demographic variables, frequency of associated symptoms and main phenotypic variables of the headache between males and females.
From: Frequency and phenotype of headache in covid-19: a study of 2194 patients
Variable | Entire study sample (n = 458) | Males (n = 128) | Females (n = 330) | FDR adjusted P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Median age (years) | 51 (42–61) | 48 (40–60) | 53 (43–62) | 0.05 |
Prior history of headache | 223/449 (49.7%) | 50/128 (39.1%) | 173/321 (53.9%) | 0.042 |
Headache as the first symptom | 128/446 (28.7%) | 28/127 (22.0%) | 100/319 (31.3%) | 0.225 |
Duration of headache (days) | 7 (IQR 4–14) | 7 (IQR 4–10) | 8 (IQR 4–16) | 0.227 |
Anosmia | 269/448 (60%) | 81/128 (63.3%) | 188/320 (58.8%) | 0.705 |
Asthenia | 337/458 (73.6%) | 96/128 (75.0%) | 241/330 (73.0%) | 0.862 |
Cough | 294/446 (65.9%) | 93/128 (72.7%) | 201/318 (63.2%) | 0.254 |
Diarrhea | 185/447 (41.4%) | 54/128 (42.2%) | 131/319 (41.1%) | 0.905 |
Dyspnea | 179/444 (40.3%) | 53/127 (41.7%) | 126/317 (39.7%) | 0.850 |
Fever | 263/444 (59.2%) | 80/128 (62.5%) | 183/316 (57.9%) | 0.760 |
Myalgia | 228/443 (51.5%) | 67/128 (52.3%) | 161/315 (51.1%) | 0.905 |
Weakness | 238/446 (53.4%) | 72/128 (56.3%) | 166/318 (52.2%) | 0.644 |
Presence of pneumonia | 152/450 (33.8%) | 50/127 (39.4%) | 102/323 (31.6%) | 0.254 |
Need for oxygen | 86/447 (19.2%) | 31/126 (24.6%) | 55/321 (17.1%) | 0.231 |
Headache as the most bothersome symptom | 68/428 (15.9%) | 22/123 (17.9%) | 46/305 (15.1%) | 0.616 |
Median intensity (0–10 NRS) | 7 (IQR 6–8) | 6 (IQR 5–8) | 7 (IQR 6–8) | 0.002 |
Median impairment (0–100% NRS) | 50% (IQR 20–80%) | 50 (IQR 10–70) | 55 (IQR 20–80) | 0.055 |
Frontal topography | 307/433 (70.9%) | 87/128 (68.0%) | 220/305 (72.1%) | 0.652 |
Temporal topography | 190/433 (43.9%) | 52/128 (40.6%) | 128/305 (45.2%) | 0.662 |
Pressing quality | 324/434 (74.7%) | 93/128 (72.7%) | 231/306 (75.5%) | 0.684 |
Photophobia | 152/456 (33.3%) | 34/127 (26.8%) | 118/329 (35.9%) | 0.237 |
Phonophobia | 147/456 (32.2%) | 29/127 (22.8%) | 118/329 (35.9%) | 0.044 |
Avoidance of physical activity | 289/432 (66.9%) | 78/128 (60.9%) | 211/304 (69.4%) | 0.214 |
Worsening with physical activity | 135/433 (31.2%) | 36/128 (28.1%) | 99/305 (32.5%) | 0.626 |
Need for acute medication | 413/437 (94.5%) | 121/128 (94.5%) | 292/309 (94.5%) | > 0.999 |
