Table 1 The cross-resistance to other ALS-inhibition herbicides of the high resistant subpopulations of D. sophia.

Purified subpopulation	ALS mutation		Plants with specific ALS mutations survived in 1×, 5× and 10× fold recommended dose (%)
	ALS1	ALS2	Flucarbazone-sodium (45.0 g ai ha^−1a, SCT)		Bensulfuron methyl (65.7 g ai ha^−1a, SU)					Flumetsulam (30.0 g ai ha^−1a, TP)			Florasulam (4.5 g ai ha^−1a, TP)			Pyroxsulam (14.1 g ai ha^−1a, TP)			Imazapic (108.0 g ai ha^−1a, IMI)			Bispyribac-sodium (45.0 g ai ha^−1a, PTB)
	ALS1	ALS2	1×	5×		10×	1×	5×	10×	1×	5×	10×	1×	5×	10×	1×	5×	10×	1×	5×	10×	1×	5×	10×
SX13	Wild type	Wild type	30	0		0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
SX30	Pro197Thr	Wild type	100	100		100	100	100	100	100	100	100	0	0	0	60	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
SX31	Pro197Thr	Wild type	100	100		100	100	100	100	100	100	100	0	0	0	100	100	100	100	50	50	100	0	0
SH5	Pro197Ser	Wild type	100	100		100	100	100	100	100	100	100	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
SH6	Pro197His	Wild type	100	100		100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	50	30	30	0	0	30	0	0	100	0	0
SH7	Pro197Ala	Wild type	100	100		100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	0	0	100	50	0	100	20	0	50	0	0

SCT sulfonylamino-carbonyl-triazolinones, SU sulfonylurea, TP triazolopyrimidine, IMI imidazolinone, PTB pyrimidinyl-thiobenzoate.
^aThe onefold discriminating-dose known to control the S population.

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