Figure 4

Observed mean mortality time series (see “Methods” for details) of the three large groups of Countries at latitudes α > 20 degrees (N group: green solid curve), −20 ≤ α ≤ 20 degrees (T group: orange solid curve), and α < −20 degrees (S group: blue solid curve). Dotted curves are Covid-19 Lethal-Time solar light-curves at the three average latitudes α = 41.4 degrees (N; green), α = 5.8 degrees (T; orange) and α = − 31.1 degrees (S; blue). The long-dashed blue curve of this figure shows the mean mortality curve of all countries of the S group after excluding South Africa and Eswatini.