Table 10 Descriptive information for each sub-analysis.
From: An ALE meta-analytical review of the neural correlates of abstract and concrete words
Contrasts | Inclusion criteria: | Participants | Stimuli | Stimuli presentation modality | Experimental task | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean sample size | SD | Min–Max | |||||
Words | Imaging technique: PET or fMRI, reported stereotaxic coordinates (in the MNI or Talairach atlases), whole-brain voxel-based data analyses, more than 5 participants in each study, sample population of healthy, adult participants, reported concrete > abstract or abstract > concrete contrast, word stimuli, published in English, |  |  |  |  |  |  |
concrete > abstract words |  | 16 | 5.2 | 7/28 | concrete and abstract words | visual and auditory | passive listening passive reading perceptual task overt repetition task lexical decision memory encoding task recognition task semantic judgment semantic similarity decision semantic categorization mental image generation |
abstract words > concrete words |  | 16.7 | 5.8 | 6/28 |  |  |  |
Nouns | Imaging technique: PET or fMRI, reported stereotaxic coordinates (in the MNI or Talairach atlases), whole-brain voxel-based data analyses, more than 5 participants in each study, sample population of healthy, adult participants, reported concrete nouns > abstract nouns, or abstract nouns > concrete nouns contrast, nouns stimuli, published in English, |  |  |  |  |  |  |
concrete nouns > abstract nouns |  | 16.7 | 5.6 | 7/28 | Concrete and abstract nouns | Visual and auditory | Passive listening passive reading perceptual task overt repetition task lexical decision memory encoding task recognition task semantic judgment semantic similarity decision semantic categorization mental image generation |
abstract nouns > concrete nouns |  | 18.1 | 5.7 | 7/28 |  |  |  |
visually presented stimuli | Imaging technique: PET or fMRI, reported stereotaxic coordinates (in the MNI or Talairach atlases), whole-brain voxel-based data analyses, more than 5 participants in each study, sample population of healthy, adult participants, reported concrete > abstract or abstract > concrete contrast, visual presented stimuli, word stimuli, published in English, |  |  |  |  |  |  |
concrete words > abstract words visual stimuli only |  | 16.7 | 4.9 | 9/28 | Concrete and abstract words | Visual | Passive listening passive reading perceptual task overt repetition task lexical decision memory encoding task recognition task semantic judgment semantic similarity decision semantic categorization mental image generation |
abstract words > concrete words visual stimuli only |  | 17.1 | 5.1 | 6/28 |  |  |  |
lexical and semantic tasks | Imaging technique: PET or fMRI, reported stereotaxic coordinates (in the MNI or Talairach atlases), whole-brain voxel-based data analyses, more than 5 participants in each study, sample population of healthy, adult participants, reported concrete > abstract or abstract > concrete contrast, lexical or semantic decision tasks only, word stimuli, published in English, |  |  |  |  |  |  |
concrete > abstract word (only lexical and semantic tasks) |  | 17.1 | 5.0 | 9/28 | Concrete and abstract words | Visual and auditory | Lexical decision semantic judgment semantic similarity decision semantic categorization |
abstract > concrete word (only lexical and semantic tasks) |  | 17.1 | 5.6 | 6/28 |  |  |  |
