Table 2 Plasma biochemistry parameters in juvenile American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) sampled in the wild.

From: Correlations between environmental salinity levels, blood biochemistry parameters, and steroid hormones in wild juvenile American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis)

Blood chemistry parameter

Sex

July

2018

Aug

2018

Sep

2018

Oct

2018

Feb

2019

Mar

2019

April

2019

May

2019

June

2019

July

2019

Total protein (mg dl−1)

Male

4.20 ± 1.20

4.39 ± 0.37

4.17 ± 0.32

4.26 ± 0.28

5.70

5.00 ± 0.50

5.30

4.00

4.22 ± 0.30

4.20 ± 0.60

Female

4.95 ± 0.15

3.63 ± 0.23

–

4.68 ± 0.39

4.00

3.00

5.15 ± 0.15

5.60

4.40 ± 0.21

4.70

Bilirubin (mg dl−1)

Male

0.10 ± 0.00

0.10 ± 0.00

0.10 ± 0.00

0.10 ± 0.00

0.10

0.10 ± 0.00

0.10

0.10

0.10 ± 0.00

0.10 ± 0.00

Female

0.10 ± 0.00

0.10 ± 0.00

–

0.10 ± 0.00

0.10

0.10

0.10 ± 0.00

0.10

0.10 ± 0.00

0.10

Albumin (mg dl−1)

Male

 < 1.50†

1.54 ± 0.04

 < 1.50†

1.56 ± 0.04

 < 1.50†

1.65 ± 0.15

 < 1.50†

 < 1.50†

 < 1.50†

 < 1.50†

Female

1.55 ± 0.05

1.53 ± 0.03

–

1.60 ± 0.05

 < 1.50†

 < 1.50†

1.55 ± 0.05

1.70

 < 1.50†

 < 1.50†

Globulins (mg dl−1)

Male

3.90(< 1.50†)

3.50 ± 0.30

 < 1.50†

3.30 ± 0.12

 < 1.50†

3.70(< 1.50†)

3.80

 < 1.50†

4.00(< 1.50†)

 < 1.50†

Female

3.20(< 1.50†)

2.70(< 1.50†)

–

3.28 ± 0.48

 < 1.50†

1.50

3.70(< 1.50†)

3.90

 < 1.50†

 < 1.50†

A:G ratio

Male

0.40

0.47 ± 0.03

–

0.50 ± 0.00

–

0.50

0.40

–

0.40

–

Female

0.50

0.60

–

0.55 ± 0.06

–

–

0.40

0.40

–

–

Creatinine (mg dl−1)

Male

 < 0.20†

0.37 ± 0.09

 < 0.20†

0.23 ± 0.02

 < 0.20†

 < 0.20†

 < 0.20†

 < 0.20†

 < 0.20†

0.25 ± 0.05

Female

0.30 ± 0.00

 < 0.20†

–

0.27 ± 0.04

 < 0.20†

 < 0.20†

 < 0.20†

 < 0.20†

 < 0.20†

0.30

Creatine kinase (U l−1)

Male

792.00 ± 300.00

687.29 ± 205.27

362.67 ± 49.24

321.00 ± 44.58

381.00

786.50 ± 56.50

677.00

411.00

945.50 ± 274.56

551.00 ± 130.00

Female

227.50 ± 52.5

149.75 ± 6.97*

–

691.17 ± 297.96

1984.00

1264.00

693.50 ± 82.50

670.00

525.00 ± 43.10

1212.00

ALP (U l−1)

Male

22.50 ± 0.50a

14.57 ± 2.29a,b

11.00 ± 0.58a,b

7.75 ± 0.70b

5.00a,b

18.50 ± 0.50a,b

22.00a,b

14.00a,b

17.67 ± 2.33a

18.00 ± 0.00a,b

Female

13.00 ± 3.00

11.25 ± 1.93

–

7.83 ± 0.79

7.00

29.00

19.00 ± 2.00

19.00

17.00 ± 3.79

22.00

AST (U l−1)

Male

167.00 ± 45.00

185.14 ± 39.58

152.67 ± 25.83

162.00 ± 9.52

155.00

226.00 ± 52.00

188.00

156.00

187.00 ± 15.11

183.50 ± 31.50

Female

163.50 ± 15.50

188.00 ± 7.36

–

222.33 ± 35.38

136.00

129.00

218.50 ± 7.50

215.00

178.67 ± 4.91

240.00

ALT (U l−1)

Male

31.00 ± 2.00

36.00 ± 6.40

35.33 ± 5.04

40.75 ± 4.51

29.00

42.50 ± 6.50

60.00

35.00

54.33 ± 6.86

42.50 ± 8.50

Female

39.50 ± 0.50

18.75 ± 4.17*

–

45.67 ± 5.10

38.00

22.00

48.00 ± 17.00

56.00

43.00 ± 3.06

74.00

AST:ALT ratio

Male

5.32 ± 1.11

5.97 ± 1.37

4.31 ± 0.31

4.20 ± 0.35

5.34

5.25 ± 0.42

3.13

4.46

3.55 ± 0.27

4.35 ± 0.13

Female

4.15 ± 0.45

11.31 ± 1.92*

–

4.98 ± 0.66

3.58

5.86

5.15 ± 1.67

3.84

4.18 ± 0.18

3.24

Glucose (mg dl−1)

Male

89.00 ± 4.00

96.43 ± 7.56

108.33 ± 2.85

73.13 ± 4.06

49.00

88.00 ± 3.00

88.00

82.00

95.67 ± 3.63

80.00 ± 13.00

Female

71.50 ± 3.50

96.75 ± 2.39

–

77.67 ± 4.48

60.00

53.00

95.00 ± 12.00

93.00

106.67 ± 12.71

78.00

Cholesterol (mg dl−1)

Male

55.50 ± 25.50

75.14 ± 10.57

75.33 ± 7.86

61.75 ± 7.14

65.00

87.00 ± 5.00

78.00

37.00

73.50 ± 5.02

89.00 ± 35.00

Female

64.00 ± 11.00

77.25 ± 14.05

–

73.50 ± 12.39

27.00

44.00

73.00 ± 30.00

61.00

93.33 ± 22.58

54.00

Uric acid (mg dl−1)

Male

1.70 ± 0.20

2.46 ± 0.55

1.70 ± 0.20

1.65 ± 0.11

1.70

 < 1.50†

1.80

 < 1.50†

 < 1.50†

 < 1.50†

Female

1.60 ± 0.10

 < 1.50†

–

1.60 ± 0.10

 < 1.50†

 < 1.50†

1.55 ± 0.05

 < 1.50†

 < 1.50†

 < 1.50†

Sample size

Male

2

7

3

8

1

2

1

1

6

2

Female

2

4

0

6

1

1

2

1

3

1

  1. Dissimilar letters show significant differences between months within the given sex. *Significant difference between males and females during the indicated month (p < 0.05). †Values below detection limit. Values shown are averages ± SEM. SEM is not shown in cases including only one animal. Outliers excluded from analyses are shown in parentheses.
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