Table 3 Plasma hormone levels in wild juvenile American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis).

Angiotensin II (ng ml⁻¹)

Male

1.15

0.26 ± 0.03

1.21 ± 0.65

0.45 ± 0.29

0.38

0.43 ± 0.14

0.06

1.05

0.19 ± 0.07

0.05 ± 0.01

Female

1.12 ± 0.19

0.66 ± 0.53

–

0.21 ± 0.16*

0.16

0.16

0.13 ± 0.02

2.26

0.11 ± 0.04

0.02

Aldosterone (ng ml⁻¹)

Male

0.16 ± 0.07

0.28 ± 0.08

0.17 ± 0.06

0.11 ± 0.04

0.10

0.12 ± 0.08

0.02

0.39

0.25 ± 0.07

0.18 ± 0.09

Female

0.46 ± 0.37

0.35 ± 0.12

–

0.05 ± 0.02

0.02

0.06

0.04 ± 0.00

0.08

0.27 ± 0.03

0.10

11-Deoxycortisol (ng ml⁻¹)

Male

1.91 ± 0.40

0.95 ± 0.32

1.01 ± 0.13

0.70 ± 0.16

0.24

0.23 ± 0.07

0.25

0.26

0.48 ± 0.08

0.22 ± 0.02

Female

0.56 ± 0.16

0.40 ± 0.14

–

1.08 ± 0.20

0.16

0.33

0.3 ± 0.18

0.33

1.1 ± 0.23

0.97

Corticosterone (ng ml⁻¹)

Male

10.40 ± 1.71^a

5.34 ± 1.66^a,b

4.64 ± 0.65^a,b

3.49 ± 0.92^a,b

1.02^a,b

0.56 ± 0.14^b

1.21^a,b

0.56^a,b

2.42 ± 0.48^a,b

1.01 ± 0.04^a,b

Female

3.29 ± 1.02

1.64 ± 0.54

–

5.15 ± 1.04

0.12

0.17

1.59 ± 1.03

1.17

4.99 ± 1.14

5.15

Pregnenolone (ng ml⁻¹)

Male

17.97 ± 3.62^a,b

28.56 ± 9.79^a,b

42.42 ± 3.17^a

20.78 ± 4.86^a,b

9.92_a,b

5.18 ± 0.30^a,b

3.13^a,b

2.73^a,b

4.77 ± 1.21^b

7.33 ± 1.45^a,b

Female

15.6 ± 4.88

21.78 ± 6.41

–

37.28 ± 16.33

8.25

3.83

3.18 ± 0.88

26.61

7.37 ± 3.20

1.35

17α-Hydroxypregnenolone (ng ml⁻¹)

Male

425.03 ± 67.30

342.28 ± 48.74

318.87 ± 119.43

141.87 ± 17.25

122.02

147.44 ± 15.13

157.41

382.25

217.25 ± 33.41

251.08 ± 36.72

Female

255.93 ± 68.64^a,b

466.18 ± 71.93^a

–

107.72 ± 26.21^b

118.06^a,b

152.95^a,b

94.93 ± 7.09^a,b

321.09^a,b

274.63 ± 87.88^a,b

183.53^a,b

Progesterone (ng ml⁻¹)

Male

0.79 ± 0.03^a

0.35 ± 0.08^a,b

0.28 ± 0.02^a,b

0.17 ± 0.02^b

0.10^a,b

0.30 ± 0.08^a,b

0.09^a,b

1.21^a,b

0.58 ± 0.09^a

0.17 ± 0.05^a,b

Female

0.24 ± 0.04

0.18 ± 0.08

–

0.20 ± 0.10

0.15

0.18

0.10 ± 0.05

0.82

0.76 ± 0.22

1.22

17α-Hydroxyprogesterone (ng ml⁻¹)

Male

0.41

0.62 ± 0.27

1.06 ± 0.29

0.60 ± 0.30

0.10

0.08 ± 0.04

0.12

0.11

0.30 ± 0.07

0.15 ± 0.02

Female

0.63 ± 0.34

0.28 ± 0.09

–

0.76 ± 0.15

0.03

0.07

0.13 ± 0.10

0.28

0.46 ± 0.19

0.74

17α,20β-Dihydroxypregnenone(ng ml⁻¹)

Male

0.30 ± 0.02

0.36 ± 0.04

0.14 ± 0.06

0.11 ± 0.05

0.02

0.18 ± 0.12

0.06

0.06

0.21 ± 0.13

0.06 ± 0.01

Female

0.18 ± 0.05

0.08 ± 0.01*

–

0.06 ± 0.01

0.09

0.04

0.02 ± 0.01

0.05

0.12 ± 0.02

0.05

Androstenedione (ng ml⁻¹)

Male

0.10 ± 0.06

0.15 ± 0.09

0.25 ± 0.23

0.11 ± 0.07

0.02

1.13 ± 0.52

0.04

0.13

1.14 ± 0.49

0.24 ± 0.16

Female

0.07 ± 0.02

0.03 ± 0.02

–

0.05 ± 0.02

0.02

0.03

0.05 ± 0.04

0.46

0.20 ± 0.04

0.03

5α-Dihydrotestosterone (ng ml⁻¹)

Male

0.43 ± 0.30

0.70 ± 0.37

0.46 ± 0.18

0.55 ± 0.20

0.06

2.52 ± 0.69

0.10

0.21

0.72 ± 0.17

0.25 ± 0.04

Female

0.26 ± 0.14

0.32 ± 0.11

–

0.26 ± 0.07

0.11

0.15

0.16 ± 0.12

1.04

0.19 ± 0.02*

0.05

Testosterone (ng ml⁻¹)

Male

1.00 ± 0.09

5.70 ± 1.62

10.55 ± 7.40

8.06 ± 2.70

1.56

–

0.86

7.30

25.74 ± 5.98

8.39 ± 4.29

Female

9.15 ± 4.24

16.72 ± 9.12

–

10.12 ± 2.05

3.34

6.64

4.10 ± 2.44

28.38

8.63 ± 0.75*

2.03

Estrone (ng ml⁻¹)

Male

0.32 ± 0.14

1.31 ± 0.32

0.24 ± 0.07

0.65 ± 0.23

0.45

0.56 ± 0.09

1.72

0.99

0.72 ± 0.06

0.51 ± 0.04

Female

0.59 ± 0.07

0.41 ± 0.08

–

1.10 ± 0.28

0.45

0.46

1.19 ± 0.53

0.99

0.82 ± 0.07

0.65

17β-Estradiol (ng ml⁻¹)

Male

1.65 ± 0.10

1.48 ± 0.04

2.31 ± 0.08

1.41 ± 0.35

1.68

1.51 ± 0.11

0.38

1.54

1.11 ± 0.10

0.71 ± 0.09

Female

1.64 ± 0.04

1.73 ± 0.31

–

0.42 ± 0.30

1.93

2.01

1.00 ± 0.81

2.42

1.06 ± 0.15

0.57

Estriol (ng ml⁻¹)

Male

0.14 ± 0.03

0.82 ± 0.21

0.81 ± 0.18

2.28 ± 0.64

0.24

0.18 ± 0.00

0.55

0.33

1.12 ± 0.36

1.85 ± 0.84

Female

0.36

1.44 ± 0.40

–

1.57 ± 0.39

0.06

0.07

0.19 ± 0.08

0.20

1.57 ± 0.44

1.99

Sample size

Male

2

7

3

8

1

2

1

1

6

2

Female

2

4

0

6

1

1

2

1

3

1