Table 1 Feret's diameter of the largest muscle of abdominal segments in male and female flies of the montium group.

From: Evolution of a neuromuscular sexual dimorphism in the Drosophila montium species group

Subgroup/ (Group)	Species	Strain code	Female					Male									Statistical test used	Female-A5 versus Male-A5		Male-A4 versus Male-A5		MOL analog
			N	A5				N	A4					A5				Female-A5 versus Male-A5		Male-A4 versus Male-A5
				n	F_A/F_B				n	F_A/F_B			n	F_A/F_B				Statistical significance	Multiplicity adjusted P value	Statistical significance	Multiplicity adjusted P value
				n	Mean ± SEM	Min	Max		n	Mean ± SEM	Min	Max	n	Mean ± SEM	Min	Max		Statistical significance	Multiplicity adjusted P value	Statistical significance	Multiplicity adjusted P value
montium	D. asahinai	AM06-12	34	68	1.09 ± 0.01	0.90	1.30	35	70	1.12 ± 0.02	0.72	1.53	70	1.14 ± 0.01	0.84	1.52	ANOVA	**	0.005	ns	0.62	−
	D. auraria	A662	36	72	1.06 ± 0.01	0.93	1.27	34	68	1.10 ± 0.01	0.94	1.50	68	1.07 ± 0.01	0.91	1.32	ANOVA	ns	0.72	ns	0.17	−
	D. baimaii	ML11023	36	72	1.04 ± 0.01	0.89	1.18	36	72	1.18 ± 0.02	0.91	1.45	72	1.38 ± 0.02	0.97	1.82	ANOVA	***	< 0.001	***	< 0.001	+
	D. biauraria	B16	35	68	1.02 ± 0.01	0.88	1.23	33	66	1.08 ± 0.01	0.79	1.33	66	1.08 ± 0.01	0.89	1.41	Kruskal–Wallis test	**	0.002	ns	> 0.99	−
	D. fengkainensis	XT33	33	66	1.02 ± 0.01	0.88	1.20	36	60	1.10 ± 0.01	0.97	1.30	60	1.08 ± 0.01	0.78	1.25	Kruskal–Wallis test	***	< 0.001	ns	> 0.99	+
	D. lacteicornis	IRUR20	41	82	0.97 ± 0.01	0.84	1.39	37	74	1.10 ± 0.01	0.78	1.39	74	1.38 ± 0.02	1.03	1.86	ANOVA	***	< 0.001	***	< 0.001	+
	D. neoasahinai	OKNH2K	33	66	1.00 ± 0.01	0.80	1.27	37	70	1.01 ± 0.02	0.74	1.50	70	1.08 ± 0.02	0.84	1.40	Kruskal–Wallis test	**	0.004	**	0.0022	−
	D. pectinifera	OGS98m	38	76	1.06 ± 0.01	0.84	1.25	40	80	1.13 ± 0.01	0.92	1.59	80	1.22 ± 0.01	0.85	1.48	ANOVA	***	< 0.001	***	< 0.001	+
	D. pseudobaimaii	ML11250	32	64	1.03 ± 0.01	0.80	1.21	34	68	1.13 ± 0.01	0.88	1.43	68	1.08 ± 0.01	0.84	1.40	ANOVA	**	0.002	*	0.02	−
	D. rufa	rufa-OGM	37	74	0.98 ± 0.01	0.82	1.26	37	72	1.00 ± 0.01	0.81	1.27	72	1.00 ± 0.01	0.86	1.36	ANOVA	ns	0.28	ns	0.93	−
	D. subauraria	ONM29	32	64	1.06 ± 0.01	0.83	1.20	36	72	1.08 ± 0.01	0.80	1.35	72	1.11 ± 0.01	0.91	1.33	ANOVA	**	0.003	ns	0.27	−
	D. tani	MES01	36	71	1.01 ± 0.01	0.86	1.25	41	79	1.01 ± 0.01	0.75	1.21	78	1.05 ± 0.01	0.85	1.46	Kruskal–Wallis test	*	0.04	ns	0.11	−
	D. trapezifrons	Bavi31	40	79	0.98 ± 0.01	0.85	1.12	39	78	1.14 ± 0.01	0.94	1.49	78	1.10 ± 0.01	0.91	1.46	ANOVA	***	< 0.001	*	0.04	+
	D. triauraria	T544	34	68	1.03 ± 0.01	0.78	1.30	34	68	1.11 ± 0.01	0.91	1.47	64	1.04 ± 0.01	0.81	1.28	ANOVA	ns	0.95	***	< 0.001	−
kikkawai	D. bocki	IR2-37	36	72	1.14 ± 0.01	0.97	1.47	37	74	1.26 ± 0.02	0.92	1.63	74	1.41 ± 0.02	1.05	1.92	ANOVA	***	< 0.001	***	< 0.001	+
	D. kikkawai	OGH06-01	37	74	1.07 ± 0.01	0.92	1.25	43	86	1.17 ± 0.01	0.75	1.47	86	1.51 ± 0.03	1.15	2.16	Kruskal–Wallis test	***	< 0.001	***	< 0.001	+
	D. leontia	AO-2	37	73	1.07 ± 0.01	0.88	1.40	44	88	1.36 ± 0.02	1.02	2.18	88	1.40 ± 0.02	1.06	1.82	ANOVA	***	< 0.001	ns	0.15	+
	D. lini	BGS3146.1	33	65	1.03 ± 0.01	0.79	1.33	32	64	1.04 ± 0.01	0.87	1.26	64	1.07 ± 0.01	0.92	1.31	ANOVA	**	0.009	ns	0.05	−
	D. ogumai	RGN3	39	77	1.00 ± 0.01	0.79	1.28	37	74	1.11 ± 0.02	0.83	1.62	73	1.23 ± 0.02	0.86	1.52	ANOVA	***	< 0.001	***	< 0.001	+
	D. ohnishii	ML45	36	72	1.05 ± 0.01	0.81	1.32	38	76	1.09 ± 0.01	0.81	1.43	76	1.26 ± 0.01	0.96	1.74	ANOVA	***	< 0.001	***	< 0.001	+
punjabiensis	D. punjabiensis	CJB212	35	70	1.06 ± 0.01	0.80	1.30	38	74	1.14 ± 0.01	0.85	1.42	74	1.11 ± 0.02	0.85	1.51	ANOVA	ns	0.07	ns	0.18	−
punjabiensis	D. watanabei	14028-0531.02	40	79	1.05 ± 0.01	0.86	1.28	39	77	1.17 ± 0.01	0.95	1.45	78	1.20 ± 0.01	0.84	1.40	ANOVA	***	< 0.001	ns	0.27	+
orosa	D. orosa	14028-0611.00	33	64	1.05 ± 0.01	0.87	1.31	34	68	1.08 ± 0.01	0.88	1.44	68	1.10 ± 0.02	0.91	1.67	ANOVA	*	0.01	ns	0.57	−
serrata	D. barbarae	ML11213	39	77	1.03 ± 0.01	0.85	1.24	36	71	1.23 ± 0.02	0.88	1.81	71	1.60 ± 0.03	1.21	2.22	ANOVA	***	< 0.001	***	< 0.001	+
	D. bicornuta	BOG1	11	22	1.09 ± 0.02	0.98	1.35	36	72	1.09 ± 0.01	0.87	1.44	72	1.08 ± 0.01	0.93	1.38	ANOVA	ns	0.85	ns	0.89	−
	D. birchii	14028-0521.00	39	77	1.02 ± 0.01	0.87	1.33	37	74	1.11 ± 0.01	0.83	1.47	74	1.15 ± 0.01	0.89	1.34	Kruskal–Wallis test	***	< 0.001	**	0.005	+
	D. bunnanda	14028-0721.00	33	66	1.21 ± 0.02	0.91	1.61	33	65	1.35 ± 0.02	1.02	1.73	66	1.28 ± 0.02	0.89	2.17	ANOVA	*	0.03	ns	0.08	−
	D. cauverii	cauv-CNRS	37	74	1.14 ± 0.01	0.89	1.40	38	76	1.15 ± 0.01	0.96	1.38	75	1.18 ± 0.01	0.84	1.39	ANOVA	ns	0.07	ns	0.26	−
	D. mayri	14028-0591.00	37	73	1.10 ± 0.01	0.86	1.62	36	71	1.22 ± 0.02	0.71	1.76	72	1.53 ± 0.02	1.17	2.02	ANOVA	***	< 0.001	***	< 0.001	+
	D. serrata	Q122	41	82	1.09 ± 0.01	0.85	1.29	37	72	1.18 ± 0.01	0.90	1.55	74	1.21 ± 0.02	0.95	1.94	ANOVA	***	< 0.001	ns	0.47	+
	D. truncata	RGN179	38	76	1.12 ± 0.01	0.93	1.35	36	72	1.05 ± 0.01	0.92	1.31	72	1.27 ± 0.01	0.99	1.55	ANOVA	***	< 0.001	***	< 0.001	+
seguyi	D. burlai	L6	34	68	1.07 ± 0.01	0.89	1.26	32	64	1.20 ± 0.02	0.96	1.46	64	1.13 ± 0.01	0.90	1.36	ANOVA	**	0.001	**	0.001	−
	D. diplacantha	dip05860	39	78	1.15 ± 0.01	0.97	1.70	40	74	1.22 ± 0.02	0.85	1.59	74	1.23 ± 0.01	0.85	1.51	ANOVA	***	< 0.001	ns	0.88	+
	D. greeni	14028-0712.00	35	70	1.05 ± 0.01	0.79	1.27	37	74	1.11 ± 0.01	0.79	1.37	73	1.14 ± 0.02	0.88	1.62	ANOVA	***	< 0.001	ns	0.31	+
	D. jambulina	F76	36	70	1.04 ± 0.01	0.84	1.25	36	72	1.00 ± 0.01	0.82	1.30	71	1.07 ± 0.01	0.88	1.26	ANOVA	ns	0.11	***	< 0.001	−
	D. malagassya	J6	37	73	1.10 ± 0.01	0.79	1.48	35	70	1.14 ± 0.02	0.86	1.47	70	1.07 ± 0.01	0.76	1.31	ANOVA	ns	0.17	*	0.01	−
	D. nikananu	14028-0601.00	37	73	1.01 ± 0.01	0.75	1.29	34	62	1.09 ± 0.02	0.68	1.46	62	1.07 ± 0.02	0.80	1.53	ANOVA	*	0.04	ns	0.72	−
	D. seguyi	K59	41	81	1.10 ± 0.01	0.87	1.39	37	73	1.14 ± 0.01	0.88	1.53	74	1.18 ± 0.02	0.88	1.64	ANOVA	**	0.002	ns	0.4	−
	D. tsacasi	14028-0701.00	33	65	1.06 ± 0.01	0.84	1.45	32	64	1.20 ± 0.02	0.87	1.58	64	1.17 ± 0.01	0.92	1.44	ANOVA	***	< 0.001	ns	0.46	+
	D. vulcana	14028-0711.00	38	75	1.07 ± 0.01	0.88	1.69	34	68	1.01 ± 0.01	0.83	1.18	68	1.07 ± 0.01	0.89	1.41	ANOVA	ns	0.96	***	< 0.001	−
parvula	D. kanapiae	14028-0541.00	35	69	1.11 ± 0.02	0.87	1.57	34	67	1.10 ± 0.01	0.92	1.37	67	1.15 ± 0.01	0.90	1.55	ANOVA	ns	0.14	**	0.01	−
parvula	D. parvula	ML11218	34	68	1.21 ± 0.01	0.94	1.47	36	70	1.28 ± 0.02	1.00	1.62	70	1.23 ± 0.01	0.98	1.53	ANOVA	ns	0.54	ns	0.07	−

N: The total number of individuals used in this analysis. n: The total number of A4 or A5 hemi-segments examined. F: Feret's diameter (F_A and F_B), the longest distance of a target muscle. F_A/F_B: The Feret's diameter ratio obtained by dividing the Feret’s diameter of the longest muscle (F_A) by that of the medial-most conventional muscle (F_B) in the same hemi-segment. When the mean F_A/F_B in males is larger than that in females at the statistically significant level of P < 0.001, we judge that the males have the MOL analog or without MOL as indicated by a "+" or "−".

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Table 1 Feret's diameter of the largest muscle of abdominal segments in male and female flies of the montium group.

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