Table 2 Summary of model coefficients (mean ± SD) for each trajectory found for communities of rocky intertidal sessile organisms in six regions along the Pacific coast of Japan.

Region	Linear	Stable	Abrupt
Eastern Hokkaido	α = 0.014^ab ± 0.004	φ₁ = − 0.34^bc ± 0.09	δ = 0.26 ± 0.09
		φ₂ = − 0.69^a ± 0.45	θ = 2.32 ± 0.62
			φ = 1.34 ± 0.09
Southern Hokkaido	α = 0.012^ab ± 0.004	φ₁ = − 0.32^c ± 0.04	NA
Southern Hokkaido	α = 0.012^ab ± 0.004	φ₂ = − 0.92^ab ± 0.36	NA
Rikuchu	NA	φ₁ = − 0.48^a ± 0.06	δ = 0.41 ± 0
		φ₂ = − 0.66^a ± 0.47	θ = 1.62 ± 0
			φ = 0.66 ± 0
Boso	α = 0.012^ab ± 0.006	φ₁ = − 0.39^bc ± 0.05	NA
Boso	α = 0.012^ab ± 0.006	φ₂ = − 0.83^ab ± 0.34	NA
Nanki	α = 0.017^a ± 0.003	φ₁ = − 0.41^ab ± 0.06	NA
Nanki	α = 0.017^a ± 0.003	φ₂ = − 1.29^b ± 0.29	NA
Osumi	α = 0.008^b ± 0.002	φ₁ = − 0.39^abc ± 0.09	NA
Osumi	α = 0.008^b ± 0.002	φ₂ = − 1.41^b ± 0.54	NA

Different superscript letters signify statistically significant differences as shown by post hoc Bonferroni pairwise comparisons (P < 0.05). NA (not available) indicates that a trajectory was not applicable in a particular region.

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