Table 1 Prevalence of Plasmodium spp. infection by light microscopy and polymerase chain reaction in Megiar and Mirap in 2014 and 2016.

From: Investigating differences in village-level heterogeneity of malaria infection and household risk factors in Papua New Guinea

 

Megiar

Mirap

2014 (%)

2016 (%)

p-valuea

2014 (%)

2016 (%)

p-valuea

Species LM prevalence

  

 < 0.001

  

 < 0.001

Number tested

509

601

 

529

671b

 

Pf

9 (1.8)

42 (7.0)

 

12 (2.3)

68 (10.1)

 

Pv

15 (3.0)

32 (5.3)

 

20 (3.8)

60 (8.9)

 

Pm

0

0

 

0

1 (0.2)

 

Mixed

1 (0.2)

8 (1.3)

 

7 (1.3)

2 (0.3)

 

Species qPCR prevalence

  

0.002

  

 < 0.001

Number tested

509

600b

 

529

670b

 

Pf

46 (9.0)

88 (14.7)

 

49 (9.3)

146 (21.8)

 

Pv

94 (18.5)

82 (13.7)

 

104 (19.7)

119 (17.8)

 

Pm

4 (0.8)

8 (1.3)

 

4 (0.8)

2 (0.3)

 

Po

0

2 (0.3)

 

0

1 (0.2)

 

Mixed

11 (2.2)

27 (4.5)

 

11 (2.1)

38 (5.7)

 

All malariac positived

156 (30.7)

209 (34.8)

0.145

170 (32.1)

312 (46.4)

 < 0.001

Pfe positive

58 (11.4)

115 (19.1)

 < 0.001

65 (12.3)

190 (28.3)

 < 0.001

% Pf sub-microscopicf

80.4

52.3

 

75.5

53.4

 

Pvg positive

105 (20.6)

110 (18.3)

0.329

117 (22.1)

157 (23.4)

0.609

% Pv sub-microscopicf

84.0

61.0

 

80.8

49.6

 
  1. LM light-microscopy detected, qPCR PCR detected, Pf P. falciparum, Pv P. vivax, Pm P. malariae, Po P. ovale.
  2. ap-value based on chi-square test comparing prevalence between 2014 and 2016 within each village.
  3. bNumber tested differ from total sample size at timepoint in village due to missing values.
  4. cTested positive for malaria infection (includes all species).
  5. dIndicate positive infection as detected either by light microscopy or by qPCR. Denominators used are same as village sample size at that time point.
  6. eSingle P. falciparum infection and mixed species infection that includes P. falciparum.
  7. fProportion of infections that were detected by qPCR only and not by light microscopy.
  8. gSingle P. vivax infection and mixed species infection that includes P. vivax.
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