Table 3 Hazard ratios of total and cause-specific mortality in Korean elderly patients according to history of glaucoma surgery.

From: Association between glaucoma surgery and all-cause and cause-specific mortality among elderly patients with glaucoma: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Cause of mortality (No. of participants)

Unadjusted cox model

Hazard ratio (95% CI)a

P-value

Adjusted cox model

Hazard Ratio (95% CI)a,b

P-value

Adjusted cox model

Hazard ratio (95% CI)a,c

P-value

Adjusted cox model

Hazard ratio (95% CI)a,d

P-value

All-cause

1.16 (0.93–1.43)

0.184

1.28 (1.03–1.59)

0.023

1.29 (1.04–1.60)

0.020

1.31 (1.05–1.62)

0.014

Cancer

1.06 (0.69–1.63)

0.792

1.14 (0.74–1.76)

0.541

1.16 (0.75–1.79)

0.505

1.17 (0.75–1.80)

0.487

Vascular

0.98 (0.61–1.58)

0.938

1.10 (0.68–1.78)

0.698

1.11 (0.68–1.79)

0.683

1.12 (0.69–1.80)

0.654

Pulmonary

1.09 (0.56–2.10)

0.805

1.25 (0.64–2.41)

0.514

1.22 (0.63–2.34)

0.555

1.26 (0.66–2.40)

0.488

Neurologic

2.30 (1.02–5.22)

0.045

2.59 (1.15–5.84)

0.022

2.71 (1.20–6.12)

0.017

2.66 (1.18–6.00)

0.018

Infectious

0.93 (0.23–3.80)

0.917

1.02 (0.25–4.17)

0.975

1.02 (0.25–4.22)

0.979

1.03 (0.25–4.26)

0.971

Accident or trauma

1.38 (0.65–2.91)

0.403

1.49 (0.71–3.14)

0.297

1.59 (0.75–3.36)

0.225

1.61 (0.77–3.39)

0.209

  1. CI confidence interval, DM diabetes mellitus.
  2. aCox model with vitreoretinal surgery status as a time-varying covariate.
  3. bAdjusted for age and sex.
  4. cAdjusted for age, sex, income, region, Charlson Comorbidity Index score (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ≥ 5), age-related macular degeneration, DM with ophthalmic manifestations, and cataract severity.
  5. dAdjusted for age, sex, income, region, Charlson Comorbidity Index score (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ≥ 5), age-related macular degeneration, DM with ophthalmic manifestations, cataract severity, smoking, drinking, exercise, and body mass index.
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