Figure 4
Soluble syndecan-1 may be regulated through the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Isolated primary trophoblast were treated with mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I inhibitor rotenone (A) or complex III inhibitor antimycin A (B). Low doses of both caused a significant reduction in syndecan-1 secretion. Similarly, when isolated cytotrophoblast were treated with mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I inhibitor metformin, syndecan-1 secretion was significantly reduced (C) as well as syndecan-1 mRNA expression (D). Isolated primary cytotrophoblast were also treated with complex I inhibitor metformin in the presence of complex II activator succinate. Whilst metformin significantly reduced syndecan-1 secretion, this effect was reversed when succinate was added (E). Contrary to term cytotrophoblast, no effect on syndecan-1 secretion was observed following treatment with rotenone, antimycin or metformin in syncytialised cytotrophoblast stem cells (F–H). Data is expressed as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, relative to control, #p < 0.05 relative to metformin treated cells.
