Figure 3

(a) APSIM total NO3−–N observed and simulated with R2 value and RMSE. where R2 represents the coefficient of determination and RMSE (root mean square error). (b) APSIM observed and simulated total NH4+–N with two different scenarios under the same weather condition and fertilizer inputs. The observed and simulated changes over 20 years of fertilization observed and predicted total NH4+–N calibration with R2 and RMSE (root mean square analysis).