Figure 1

Carbonization characteristics of lignin-derived hydrochars. (a) Changes in carbon content of lignin samples with HTC temperature and residence time, and (b) its van Krevelen diagram, a plot of atomic O/C vs. atomic H/C.

Carbonization characteristics of lignin-derived hydrochars. (a) Changes in carbon content of lignin samples with HTC temperature and residence time, and (b) its van Krevelen diagram, a plot of atomic O/C vs. atomic H/C.