Table 3 Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation according to the follow-up dipstick test.

From: Association of proteinuria and incident atrial fibrillation in patients with diabetes mellitus: a population-based senior cohort study

Change in proteinuria

Patients (n)

Events (n)

Incidence*

Absolute reduction in event rate (95% CI)

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

Negative → Negative

43,311

828

0.54

 

1 (ref)

Negative → Positive

1370

44

0.93

0.40 (0.37–0.43)

1.46 (1.06–2.02)

Positive → Negative

834

20

0.70

0.17 (0.13–0.20)

1.15 (0.72–1.83)

Positive → Positive

285

16

1.70

1.16 (1.08–1.25)

2.75 (1.67–4.53)

  1. *per 100 Patient-Years.
  2. Covariates adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol, hypertension, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease, myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, liver disease, and malignancy.
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