Table 3 Inflammatory profile. The data are expressed as the medians and percentiles 25–75 (SD).

From: Clinical, functional and inflammatory evaluation in asthmatic patients after a simple short-term educational program: a randomized trial

Outcome

Group

T1

T2

T3

p

Median (25–75%)

A. Differential count of cells (%)

Eosinophils

IG

0.60 (0.20–3.00)

0.20 (0.00–0.65)

0.20 (0.00–0.85)*

0.034*

CG

0.00 (0.00–0.20)

0.10 (0.00–0.60)

0.20 (0.00–0.20)

0.568

Neutrophils

IG

35.40 (10.72–56.10)

31.80 (13.55–57.65)

40.60 (6.60–62.85)

0.971

CG

17.30 (4.40–65.20)

26.60 (2.282–54.40)

14.70 (4.20–47.00)

0.651

Lymphocytes

IG

1.20 (0.800–2.90)

1.40 (0.80–2.05)

1.60 (0.75–2.90)

0.320

CG

1.00 (0.668–1.40)

1.00 (0.40–1.60)

0.80 (0.60–1.40)

0.911

Macrophages

IG

54.80 (36.10–87.02)

60.20 (40.00–82.45)

56.40 (35.15–90.55)

0.986

CG

80.40 (32.60–94.60)

72.30 (44.80–96.88)

82.90(49.80–95.20)

0.525

B. Exhaled nitric oxide (NOEX) (PPB)

 

IG

24.6 (17.3–34.1)

26.7 (23.0–36.1)

25.5 (15.4–40.3)

0.585

CG

26.2 (17.8–39.2)

21.0 (17.4–23.0)

22.5 (17.6–30.8)

0.194

C. Cytokines—induced sputum supernatant

IL-4

IG

1.371 (1.224–1.594)

0.970 (0.680–1.124)*

0.858 (0.501–1.092)*

 < 0.001*

CG

1.140 (0.568–1.464)

0.786 (0.671–0.962)

0.419 (0.300–0.590)***

0.001*

IL-5

IG

2.965 (0.967–3.101)

2.428 (1.918–3,126)

1.039 (0.967–1.334) ***

0.010*

CG

1.840 (1.195–3.200)

3.398 (1.627–4.815)

0.600 (0.380–0.810)***

 < 0.001*

D. EBC cytokines

IL-4

IG

0.928(0.800–1.254)

0.730(0.456–0.982)*

0.858(0.450–1.076)*

 < 0.001*

CG

1.124(0.906–1.376)

0.691(0.454–1.147)

0.432(0.388–0,695*

0.011*

IL-5

IG

2.529(1.709–2.903)

1.415(1.306–1.735)*

0.733(0.535–1.025)*

 < 0.001*

CG

3.324(1.937–4.380)

1.223(0.841–1.381)

0.535(0.433–0.765) )***

 < 0.001*

IL-17A

IG

0.855(0.633–1.054)

0.832(0.681–1.129)

0.705(0.268–.0.871)**

0.028*

CG

0.448(0.296–1.181)

0.761(0.665–1.009)

0.583 (0.444–0.661)

0.091

  1. CG control group, IG intervention group, T1 day 0 (baseline), T2 day 28, T3 day 56, NOex Nitric Oxide exhaled, ppb parts per billion, EBC exhaled breath condensate, IG intervention group, CG control group.
  2. *p < 0.05. One-way ANOVA. *compared to T1. **compared to T2. ***compared to T2 and T1.