Table 3 Change in average alpha angle with age by cohort.
Average alpha angle (± SD) | Univariate regression | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | Follow-up | Mean change | Coefficient | 95% CI | P value | ||
Male footballers | |||||||
Age at baseline (years) | 9–10 | 48.31 (± 4.04) | 62.62 (± 10.47) | 14.66 (± 9.61) | 9.73 | 7.03 to 12.42 | < 0.001 |
11–12 | 50.37 (± 4.95) | 65.31 (± 9.13) | 15.03 (± 7.36) | 10.09 | 7.74 to 12.45 | < 0.001 | |
13–14 | 61.41 (± 8.801 | 66.06 (± 8.79) | 8.17 (± 4.46) | 3.24 | 1.07 to 5.41 | 0.003 | |
15–16 | 65.89 (± 12.55) | 70.33 (± 12.55) | 4.97 (± 2.34) | 0.04 | −1.42 to 1.49 | 0.963 | |
17–18 | 66.43 (± 15.57) | 58.27 (± 7.49) | 4.93 (± 1.16) | – | – | – | |
Average | 55.28 (± 11.01) | 64.52 (± 10.19) | 12.44 (± 8.45) | ||||
Male controls | |||||||
Age at baseline (years) | 9–10 | 47.76 (± 3.00) | 54.93 (± 5.28) | 7.18 (± 5.88) | 2.81 | −0.40 to 6.02 | 0.047 |
11–12 | 50.43 (± 4.82) | 60.92 (± 8.34) | 11.21 (± 6.84) | 6.84 | 3.16 to 10.52 | < 0.001 | |
13–14 | 56.75 (± 5.11) | 62.10 (± 5.70) | 6.08 (± 3.25) | 1.70 | −1.37 to 4.78 | 0.278 | |
15–16 | 60.29 (± 9.26) | 65.81 (± 11.40) | 3.67 (± 3.18) | −0.71 | −3.41 to 2.00 | 0.609 | |
17–18 | 58.13 (± 2.80) | 61.31 (± 6.34) | 4.37 (± 2.29) | – | – | – | |
Average | 53.40 (± 7.73) | 60.13 (± 8.84) | 7.32 (± 5.97) | ||||
Female controls | |||||||
Age at baseline (years) | 9–10 | 47.86 (± 3.83) | 55.32 (± 4.97) | 7.68 (± 5.00) | 5.76 | −1.59 to 1.92 | < 0.001 |
11–12 | 52.08 (± 5.42) | 58.78 (± 5.59) | 5.39 (± 3.42) | 3.46 | −1.84 to 1.83 | 0.007 | |
13–14 | 50.44 (± 4.76) | 53.42 (± 4.80) | 1.09 (± 2.16) | −0.00 | 0.94 to 5.99 | 1.000 | |
15–16 | 50.73 (± 7.01) | 53.02 (± 7.39) | 2.09 (± 1.95) | 0.17 | 3.14 to 8.38 | 0.853 | |
17–18 | 54.34 (± 7.33) | 58.18 (± 6.60) | 1.93 (± 2.35) | – | – | – | |
Average | 50.63 (± 6.06) | 55.12 (± 6.13) | 4.05 (± 4.13) | ||||
