Table 2 Original parameters of the Burgers creep damage model (σ > σs).

From: Optimization of Burgers creep damage model of frozen silty clay based on fuzzy random particle swarm algorithm

Temperature (°C)

Original Burgers creep damage model parameters

\({E}_{1} (\)MPa)

\({E}_{2} (\)MPa)

\({E}_{3} (\)MPa)

\({\eta }_{2} (\)MPa·h)

\({\eta }_{3} (\)MPa·h)

\({R}_{1}\)

\({R}_{2}\)

 − 10

316.75

257.81

240.26

468.03

349.21

0.218

0.357

 − 15

268.04

184.30

199.72

409.74

176.59

0.432

0.418

 − 20

159.32

216.79

158.35

334.12

202.86

0.397

0.653

 − 25

210.67

156.46

191.58

352.69

143.07

0.516

0.592