Table 4 Predatory efficiency on mosquito A. stephensi by the teleost fish Gambusia affinis.

From: Efficacy and side effects of bio-fabricated sardine fish scale silver nanoparticles against malarial vector Anopheles stephensi

Treatment

Target

Day light time (n)

Night time (n)

Total predation nos

Percentage of predation

Standard conditions

I instar

174.0 ± 1.22d

144.8 ± 2.68 cd

318.8

79.7d

II instar

158.8 ± 0.83c

123.4 ± 1.51c

282.2

70.55c

III instar

138.6 ± 0.54b

112.4 ± 1.81b

251.0

62.75b

IV instar

097.2 ± 2.04a

088.0 ± 1.224a

185.2

46.3a

Post-treatment with AgNPs

I instar

193.6 ± 1.14d

183.0 ± 1.22

376.6

94.15d

II instar

172.6 ± 0.89bc

164.6 ± 1.51c

337.2

84.3c

III instar

155.8 ± 1.64b

128.4 ± 0.89b

284.2

71.05b

IV instar

122.6 ± 1.14a

103.4 ± 1.51a

226.0

56.5a

  1. Predation rates are represented by means ± SD of four replicates (1 fish vs 200 mosquitoes per replicate).
  2. Control was clean water without predators within each column, means followed by the same letter are not.
  3. Significantly different (P < 0.05).