Figure 4

Contribution of calcium signaling pathways to desiccation tolerance in Pv11 cells. (a–g) Pv11 cells were treated with CaM inhibitors (W7 and calmidazolium; (a), CaN inhibitors (FK-506 and cyclosporine A; (b) and (c), respectively), CaMK inhibitors (KN-93 and STO-609; (d) and (e), respectively), an NFAT inhibitor (INCA-6; f) and a CREB inhibitor (666–15; g) and survival rates were analyzed during IPL-41/trehalose treatment or after desiccation-rehydration treatment. Values are expressed as mean ± SD; n = 4 in each group. Treatments were performed at the following concentrations: W7, 100 µM; calmidazolium, 7.5 µM; FK-506, 40 µM; cyclosporin A, 160 nM; KN-93, 30 µM; STO-609, 20 µM; INCA-6, 30 µM; and 666–15, 20 µM. ***p < 0.0001, **p < 0.01 (actual p-values are shown within parentheses).