Table 2 Results of post hoc contrasts (paced-train minus pre-train periods with normal respiration) on the effects of slow deep breathing on respiration and heart rate variability.

From: Slow deep breathing modulates cardiac vagal activity but does not affect peripheral glucose metabolism in healthy men

 

Post hoc contrasts

Degrees of freedom

t

pHolm

Breathing rate

SDB

779

− 17.57

0.0003

Control

779

− 0.63

0.53

SDB vs. control

779

− 5.36

0.0003

Respiration depth

SDB

799

6.94

0.0003

Control

799

2.59

0.01

SDB vs. control

799

3.33

0.002

RMSSD

SDB

806

5.25

0.0003

Control

806

− 1.74

0.16

SDB vs. control

806

4.99

0.0003

  1. RMSSD root mean square of successive differences.