Table 3 Univariate analysis of neck metastasis, distant metastasis, and 5-year DSS.

From: Perineural invasion/lymphovascular invasion double positive predicts distant metastasis and poor survival in T3–4 oral squamous cell carcinoma

Variables

LN+*

Distant metastasis*

5-year DSS**

No. (%)

p

No. (%)

p

%

p

PNI

 

0.011

 

0.071

 

0.002

     No

18/54 (33.3)

 

6/54 (11.1)

 

82.8

 

     Yes

26/44 (59.1)

 

11/44 (25.0)

 

54.5

 

LVI

 

< 0.001

 

0.019

 

0.005

     No

13/54 (24.1)

 

5/54 (9.3)

 

81.9

 

     Yes

31/44 (70.5)

 

12/44 (27.3)

 

57.5

 

PNI/LVI

 

< 0.001

 

0.016

 

< 0.001

     Non-double positive***

23/71 (32.4)

 

8/71 (11.3)

 

80.2

 

     Double positive

21/27 (77.8)

 

9/27 (33.3)

 

44.3

 
  1. LN+ neck metastasis, DSS disease-specific survival, PNI perineural invasion, LVI lymphovascular invasion.
  2. *Pearson’s chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test.
  3. **Log-rank test.
  4. ***Double negative or single positive.
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