Table 2 Subgroup Analysis by Disease Category.

From: The feasibility of deep learning-based synthetic contrast-enhanced CT from nonenhanced CT in emergency department patients with acute abdominal pain

 

Accuracy of diagnosis

Confidence of diagnosis

Accuracy of disposition

Confidence of disposition

1st session

2nd session

1st session

2nd session

1st session

2nd session

1st session

2nd session

Acute pancreatitis (N = 20)

70.0–100.0

70.0–100.0

4.35–4.75

4.40–4.75

95.0–100.0

95.0–100.0

4.35–4.90

4.52–4.90

(NA, NA, > 0.999, > 0.999, NA, NA)

(NA, 0.028, NA, NA, 0.018, NA)

(NA, NA, > 0.999, > 0.999, NA, NA)

(NA, 0.012, NA, NA, 0.028, NA)

Acute diverticulitis (N = 21)

81.0–100.0

81.0–100.0

4.29–4.91

4.52–4.90

81.0–95.2

76.2–95.2

4.43–4.95

4.52–4.90

(0.500, 0.125, 0.375, > 0.999, 0.219, 0.625)

(NA, NA, NA, NA, 0.028, NA)

(NA, NA, NA, > 0.999, NA, > 0.999)

(NA, 0.012, NA, NA, 0.028, NA)

Liver disease (N = 26)

26.9–53.8

23.1–69.2

2.00–3.54

1.92–4.31

50.0–76.9

46.2–76.9

3.23–3.69

3.23–4.38

(0.500, 0.125, 0.375, > 0.999, 0.219, 0.625)

(0.813, < 0.001, 0.013*, 0.625, 0.001, 0.012)

(> 0.999, NA, > 0.999, > 0.999, 0.500, > 0.999)

(> 0.999, < 0.001, 0.161, 0.078, 0.006, 0.043)

Biliary disease (N = 23)

65.2–95.7

65.2–95.7

3.48–4.30

3.65–4.43

39.1–91.3

47.8–91.3

3.70–4.30

4.09–4.44

(NA, 0.500, 0.500, NA, NA, > 0.999)

(NA, 0.001, 0.735, 0.125, 0.010, NA)

(NA, > 0.999, > 0.999, NA, NA, 0.500)

(NA, < 0.001, 0.345, NA, 0.022, NA)

Oncologic condition (N = 42)

45.2–71.4

47.6–85.7

2.83–3.98

3.12–4.64

71.4–81.0

71.4–81.0

3.50–4.55

3.71–4.71

(NA, 0.031, 0.070, > 0.999, 0.625, 0.500)

(0.027, < 0.001, 0.709, 0.003, 0.001, 0.001)

(> 0.999, > 0.999, NA, > 0.999, > 0.999, > 0.999)

(> 0.999, < 0.001, 0.401, 0.031, < 0.001, 0.006)

Acute appendicitis (N = 21)

85.7–100.0

85.7–100.0

4.05–4.81

4.48–4.81

85.7–100.0

85.7–100.0

4.00–4.81

4.52–4.85

(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, > 0.999)

(NA, 0.012, NA, NA, 0.008, NA)

(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA)

(NA, 0.005, 0.361, NA, 0.008, NA)

Bowel obstruction (N = 22)

81.8–95.5

86.4–95.5

3.68–4.77

3.91–4.77

54.5–90.9

54.5–90.9

3.64–4.77

4.09–4.82

(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, > 0.999)

(NA, 0.012, 0.068, NA, 0.002, NA)

(> 0.999, NA, > 0.999, NA, NA, NA)

(> 0.999, < 0.001, 0.068, NA, 0.005, 0.043)

MSC † (N = 35)

60.0–77.1

62.9–80.0

3.51–4.71

4.00–4.77

51.4–91.4

54.3–88.6

3.69–4.80

4.03–4.86

(NA, > 0.999, > 0.999, NA 0.500, > 0.999)

(NA, 0.043, 0.610, 0.002, 0.003, 0.006)

(NA, NA, > 0.999, > 0.999, 0.500, > 0.999)

(NA, < 0.001, NA, 0.063, 0.013, 0.013)

MMC‡ (N = 59)

61.0–81.4

57.6–81.4

2.88–4.36

3.00–4.54

45.8–81.4

42.4–78.0

3.71–4.41

3.97–4.58

(> 0.999, NA, 0.688, > 0.999, > 0.999, NA)

(< 0.001, < 0.001, 0.049, 0.0391, < 0.001, 0.005)

(0.500, > 0.999, > 0.999, 0.500, NA, NA)

(0.5, < 0.001, 0.702, < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.008)

NSAP (N = 84)

72.6–96.4

76.2–96.4

1.31–4.37

1.30–4.50

75.0–95.2

78.6–95.2

2.81–4.43

3.43–4.63

(0.250, NA, NA, 0.500, NA, 0.500)

(< 0.001, < 0.001, 0.001, 0.875, < 0.001, 0.029)

(0.375, NA, NA, 0.500, NA, 0.500)

(0.375, < 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.014)

  1. NOTE. NA = not available, MSC = miscellaneous surgical condition, MMC = miscellaneous medical condition, NSAP = nonspecific abdominal pain.
  2. Numbers are ranges of accuracy or confidence of diagnosis and disposition reported by six radiologists in 1st and 2nd sessions of image review. Numbers in parentheses are P values. McNemar’s test and Wilcoxon test were performed for each radiologist between 1st and 2nd sessions for comparison of accuracy and confidence, respectively.
  3. †Miscellaneous surgical condition includes bowel perforation, bowel strangulation, acute mesenteric ischemia, common hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm after pancreas resection, acute aortic syndrome and ovarian cyst rupture.
  4. ‡Miscellaneous medical condition includes urinary tract infection, urinary tract stone, enterocolitis, past or active upper or lower GI bleeding, peptic ulcer and intraabdominal abscess requiring percutaneous drainage.
  5. *One of experienced radiologists (ER3) reported statistically significant decrease of diagnostic confidence in 2nd session compared to 1st session (3.15 in the 1st session and 2.73 in the 2nd session, P value = 0.013).
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