Table 3 Outcomes.

From: Assessing differences in surgical outcomes following emergency abdominal exploration for complications of elective surgery and high-risk primary emergencies

Variable

Elective group

Emergency group

p value

N = 293

N = 776

Complications overall

196 (66.9)

585 (75.4)

0.005

Multiple complications

142 (48.6)

495 (63.8)

< 0.0001

Complications PP, mean ± SD

3.92 ± 3.30

5.41 ± 3.53

0.022

CCI, mean ± SD

54.00 ± 37.36

59.25 ± 37.08

0.040

Surgical complications

153 (52.2)

417 (53.7)

0.657

Hemorrhage

31 (10.6)

209 (26.9)

< 0.0001

Surgical site infection

139 (47.4)

294 (37.9)

< 0.005

Anastomotic leak

48 (16.4)

119 (15.3)

< 0.674

Medical complications

164 (56.0)

428 (55.2)

0.810

Pneumonia

66 (22.5)

236 (30.4)

0.011

TEEs

29 (9.9)

149 (19.3)

< 0.0001

Liver failure

50 (17.1)

190 (24.5)

0.010

Acute renal failure

64 (21.8)

281 (36.4)

< 0.0001

Respiratory compromise

108 (36.9)

354 (45.6)

0.010

Reoperation

117 (40.1)

309 (40.2)

0.961

Reoperation PP, mean ± SD

2.32 ± 1.75

2.0 ± 1.50

0.048

ICU

130 (44.4)

620 (79.9)

< 0.0001

ICU-LOS, days, mean ± SD

19.91 ± 23.86

12.61 ± 17.85

< 0.0001

ICU-LOS, days, median (IR)

12 (1–174)

6 (1–135)

 

MV

172 (58.7)

461 (59.4)

0.834

DMV, hours, mean ± SD

215.85 ± 295.63

202.56 ± 313.76

0.688

DMV, hours, median (R)

72.5 (1–3747)

64 (1–1865)

 

In-hospital mortality

91 (31.1)

295 (38.0)

0.035

TSD, days, mean ± SD

24.26 ± 31.17

14.44 ± 23.42

0.004

TSD, days, median (R)

11.0 (1–92)

4 (1–173)

 

LOS, days, mean ± SD

40.00 ± 29.91

22.13 ± 23.50

< 0.0001

LOS, days, median (R)

34 (3–200)

14 (1–200)

 
  1. PP per patient; surgical site infection is defined as being contained within the skin or subcutaneous tissue (superficial), or involving the muscle and /or fascia (deep); acute renal failure was considered if it required dialysis, CCI the comprehensive complication index, TEEs thromboembolic events, ICU intensive care unit requirement, MV mechanical ventilation defined as ventilation at any time during hospitalization and applies for all patients who required ventilation beyond the operation room, DMV duration of mechanical ventilation, TSD time interval from the index emergency procedure to death, LOS length of hospital stay defined as the time from the date of the initial admission to the date of discharge, transfer to external services, or death, which ever came first.
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