Figure 4

AMPK shRNA reversed the increase in BDNF by bupivacaine. (A) q-PCR analysis of AMPK mRNA expression in astrocytes after treatment with LV- AMPK-shRNA (shRNA1, shRNA2, shRNA3). (B) The expression of BDNF mRNA was measured by qPCR after bupivacaine and shRNA treatment. (C) Representative western blotting and relative expression of p-AMPKα and BDNF in astrocytes after bupivacaine and shRNA administration. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. the scram group. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Original images of gels/blots are available in Supplementary Fig S4.