Figure 7

Field of view from points (points 1, 2,3 and 4) taken from the path made by the (a) 0° scope, (b) 30° scope, and (c) PliENT scope during inspection of the left maxillary sinus through an antrostomy. (a) 3D path (blue points) and selected points (orange points). The orientation of the instrument at the selected points is indicated by an arrow; (b) Endoscopic view at the selected points with highlight of the different maxillary sinus walls; (c) CT scan in the transverse plane of the cadaver head with highlight of the different walls visible on the endoscopic views. P = posterior wall; L = lateral wall; M = medial wall; A = anterior wall; I = inferior wall or floor; (*) partial septum.