Table 3 Baseline characteristics of all patients, and comparison between delirium group and non-delirium group.

From: Current status of delirium assessment tools in the intensive care unit: a prospective multicenter observational survey

 

Total patients

Delirium group

Non-delirium group

P value

 

Number of patients

n = 1210

n = 217

n = 894

 

(n = 1111)

Age, years

72 (61, 81)

80 (71, 87)

70 (58, 78)

< 0.001

*

Gender (% men)

56

57.6

56.2

0.7

 

Duration of ICU/HCU stay, days

2 (2, 4)

4 (3, 7)

2 (2, 4)

< 0.001

*

APACHE II score

12 (8, 17)

16.5 (12, 21)

12 (8, 16)

< 0.001

* (n = 969)

SOFA score

3 (1, 5)

4 (2, 7)

2 (1, 4)

< 0.001

* (n = 960)

Admission route

After scheduled operation (%)

48.4

24.9

56.9

< 0.001

*

After emergency operation (%)

10.6

11.1

11.3

In-hospital emergency (%)

8.4

14.3

6.3

Out of hospital emergency (%)

32.6

49.8

25.5

Treatment

Mechanical ventilation (%)

24.3

35

22

< 0.001

*

High flow nasal cannula (%)

4.9

6.9

4.6

0.16

 

Renal replacement therapy (%)

4.2

7.8

3.5

0.005

*

Mechanical support for circulation (%)

2.1

3.7

1.7

0.07

 

Preexisting factors related to delirium at admission

Dementia (%)

9.0

26.7

4.6

< 0.001

*

Use of sleep or psychological drugs (%)

17.4

25.8

15.8

< 0.001

*

History of delirium (%)

4.4

12.9

2.5

< 0.001

*

History of hypertension (%)

46

49.8

45.3

0.24

 

History of alcoholism (%)

1.4

2.3

1.3

0.3

 

Patients without these preexisting factors (%)

39.3

23

42.8

< 0.001

*

Delirium assessment tool used for each patient

ICDSC (%)

64.5

77

67.9

< 0.001

*

CAM-ICU (%)

25

26.7

27.4

0.84

 

DSM-5 (%)

0

0

0

  

Psychiatrist (%)

1.2

5.5

0.2

< 0.001

*

Assessment based on clinical condition (%)

10

15.2

9.8

0.02

*

Others (%)

8.1

5.1

9.5

0.04

*

User of delirium assessment tools

ICU physician (%)

7

12.4

6

0.001

*

Physician in charge (%)

4.4

6

4.5

0.35

 

Psychiatrist (%)

1.2

5.5

0.3

< 0.001

*

Nurse (%)

91.0

98.2

97.7

0.65

 

Evaluator of delirium assessment tools

ICU physician (%)

26.0

28.6

27.6

0.78

 

Physician in charge (%)

5.3

7.4

5.4

0.26

 

Psychiatrist (%)

1.5

6.5

0.4

< 0.001

*

Nurse (%)

83.9

93.1

89.7

0.13

 
  1. *p < 0.05, APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, ICDSC Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist, CAM-ICU Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit, DSM-5 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, ICU intensive care unit.
  2. Data are median (interquartile range) or percentage.
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