Table 2 Perinatal backgrounds of parents and infants.

From: Placental pathology predicts infantile neurodevelopment

A

 

(Placenta not available)

Not enrolled (n = 1000)

(Placenta available)

Enrolled (n = 258)

p

Mean or n

SD or %

Range

Mean or n

SD or %

Range

Parent characteristics

Maternal age (yr.)

31.1

4.96

(17–44)

32.9

5.24

(17–44)

< 0.001

Maternal body weight (non-pregnant) (kg)

51.9

8.68

(35.5–96)

53.7

11.29

(37.5–115)

0.007

Maternal BMI (non-pregnant) (kg/m2)

20.8

3.14

(14.6–37.6)

21.7

4.06

(15.9–40.4)

< 0.001

Body weight gain during pregnancy (kg)

10.7

4.35

(− 5.1–36.7)

9.9

4.5

(− 10.5–26.1)

0.01

Household income (million JPY/year)

6

2.84

(0.8–27)

6

2.8

(1–23)

0.79

Maternal education (Year)

13.8

1.97

(7–23)

13.8

2.06

(6–23)

0.59

Paternal age (yr.)

32.9

5.71

(18.9–62.6)

34.7

6.05

(18.9–52.7)

< 0.001

Hypertension during pregnancy

75

7.5%

 

28

10.9%

 

0.08

Diabetes mellitus

7

0.07%

 

7

2.7%

 

0.006

Postpartum depression (3 months after child birth)

124

12.4%

 

46

17.8%

 

0.023

Infant characteristics

Birth weight (g)

2978.5

395.8

(946–4166)

2792.9

552.5

(1126–4286)

< 0.001

Gestational age at birth

39.1

1.48

(28–42)

38.4

1.93

(29–42)

< 0.001

Umbilical arterial pH

7.30

0.07

(6.77–7.49)

7.27

0.08

(6.83–7.49)

< 0.001

Singleton

962

96.2%

 

258

100%

 

0.001

Twin

38

3.8%

 

0

0%

  

B

 

(Placenta not available)

Not enrolled (N = 1000)

(Placenta available)

Enrolled (N = 258)

p

Sex of newborns

Male

513

134

0.86

Female

487

124

Parity

0

485

141

0.06

1

390

77

2+

125

40

Term birth

949

223

0.001

Preterm birth

51

35

Mode of delivery

Vaginal

824

87

< 0.001

Vacuum Extraction

42

22

Cesarean Section

126

149

C

 

(Placenta available) Enrolled

Mean

SD

Range

Placental weight (g)

530.9

119.66

(230–930)

Placental area (cm2)

235.3

56.18

(230–930)

Cord length (cm)

53.2

11.6

(27–90)

Birth weight/Placental weight ratio (g/g)

5.357

0.877

(2.4–7.8)

  1. For hypertension during pregnancy, gestation diabetes mellitus, postpartum depression, singleton and twin, n and percentages (in parentheses) were described.
Back to article page