Table 4 Significant associations between Jackson’s signs.

From: A reassessment of Jackson’s checklist and identification of two Down syndrome sub-phenotypes

Jackson's sign

Jackson's sign

p-value

p-value after FDR

Narrow palate

High-arched palate

 < 0.00001

 < 0.00001

Mouth permanently open

Protruding tongue

 < 0.00001

 < 0.00001

Congenital heart defect

Murmur

 < 0.00001

 < 0.00001

Short and broad hands

Short neck

 < 0.00001

0.00002

Fifth finger mid-phalanx hypoplasia

Incurved fifth finger

 < 0.00001

0.00002

Brachycephaly

Short neck

 < 0.00001

0.00005

Short and broad hands

Fifth finger mid-phalanx hypoplasia

 < 0.00001

0.00008

Brachycephaly

Short and broad hands

0.00009

0.00301

Flat nasal bridge

Short neck

0.00018

0.00559

Epicanthic eye-fold

Short neck

0.00061

0.01682

Protruding tongue

Furrowed (plicated) tongue

0.00114

0.02857

Brachycephaly

Flat nasal bridge

0.00132

0.03046

Joint laxity

Short neck

0.00154

0.03267

  1. Brushfield spots feature was excluded. Signs are sorted by increasing p-value after false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Most recurrent features are highlighted in bold. The whole set of all possible associations is shown in Supplementary Table 2.
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