Table 1 Thermo-physical characteristics of (HNfd) and NPs referred to49,50.

From: Significance of induced hybridized metallic and non-metallic nanoparticles in single-phase nano liquid flow between permeable disks by analyzing shape factor

Physical properties

\({H}_{2}O \; (f)\)

\({TiO}_{2}\;({\varphi }_{1})\)

Cu \({(\varphi }_{2}\))

\(\rho\) (kg \(\text{m}^{-3}\))

997.0

4250

8933

\({C}_{p}\)(J k \(\text{g}^{-1}\,\text{k}^{-1})\)

4180

686.2

385

\(\kappa \; \left(\text{w} \, \text{m}^{-1} \, \text{k}^{-1}\right)\)

0.6071

8.9538

400