Figure 5 | Scientific Reports

Figure 5

From: A new method of intraoperative pelvic neuromonitoring: a preclinical feasibility study in a porcine model

Figure 5

Normalized tissue impedance of the rectum U(t)/U(0) as a function of time during direct nerve stimulation with 15 mA, 1000 µs pulse width and 30 Hz on the paraproctium according to the depicted stimulation protocol. Impedance measurement was carried out with two needle electrodes (setup 1). Tissue impedance rises during direct nerve stimulation and decreases during relaxation and includes superimposed self-activity of the smooth muscle.

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