Table 1 Performance data for each commercial bottle.

From: Monitoring fluid intake by commercially available smart water bottles

Bottle type

# missed recordings

Mean error ± SD (ml)

Sip MPE (%)

Sip MAE (ml)

Cumulative MPE (%)

Correlation coefficient (r)

H2OPal

5

− 4.79 ± 21.66

− 2.10

12.78

1.9

0.88

HidrateSpark steel

7

− 6.17 ± 20.05

− 16.11

9.13

− 24.1

0.88

HidrateSpark 3

8

− 9.08 ± 15.24

− 14.9

13.26

− 13.3

0.94

Thermos Smart Lid

16

2.5 ± 35.43

14.64

23.84

2.1

0.75