Table 2 The applied stressors of CUMS. CUMS; chronic unpredictable mild stress.

From: Serum metabolomic responses to aerobic exercise in rats under chronic unpredictable mild stress

Stressor

Description

Water deprivation

24 h of water deprivation

Food deprivation

24 h of food deprivation

Ice bath

Rats placed on glass jar with ice water at 4 °C to swim for 5 min

Ultrasonic stimulation

Ultrasound stimulation (60 W) lasted for 3 h

Thermal stimulus

Rats placed on electric thermostat at 45 °C for 10 min

Electric shocks

Rats were placed in a plantar electric box with a voltage of 32 V, and the electric shock was given every 10 s for 2 s for a total of 10 times

Tail clamp

The tail of the rats was clamped with a long tail clip for 2 min (the rats whined)

Restraint

Rats was restrained in transparent plastic bottles for 3 h and returned to their original cage afterward

Day and night reversal

Rats placed on the dark space during the day and in the bright space at night for 12 h each