Figure 4 | Scientific Reports

Figure 4

From: Excitatory neurons in paraventricular hypothalamus contributed to the mechanism underlying acupuncture regulating the swallowing function

Figure 4

EA promoted the function of deglutition. (A) Schematics of experimental design. (B) Strategy to inhibit the PVH through inhibition of excitatory neurons. Shown is a representative image of HM4D in the PVH. Scale bars, 200 μm. (C) Changes in mylohyoid muscle electromyography (EMG) during a representative swallow. EMG of mylohyoid muscle in each group, Scale bars, time = 2 s, bin = 0.1mv. (D-F)The statistical analysis of the area under curve of EMG in every group. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (Control and PSD + HM4DI + Saline: N = 3 mice, PSD + HM4DI + CNO: N = 4 mice, PSD: N = 6 mice, PSD + EA: N = 7 mice, PSD + HM4DI + CNO + EA: N = 6 mice). (D) and (E) One-way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparisons test. (F) Unpaired t test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

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