Table 2 The degrees of freedom, F value, and statistical significance from a single factor ANOVA test determining differences between ground cover percentages, total crust cover, and soil properties at urban and non-urban sites.

From: Spatial cover and carbon fluxes of urbanized Sonoran Desert biological soil crusts

Factors

df

F

Ground cover percentage

Light cyanobacterial crusts

1.5

n.s

Dark cyanobacterial crusts

1.5

n.s

Rock

1.5

n.s

Litter

1.5

n.s

Vegetation/canopy cover

1.5

n.s

Soil properties

pH

1

n.s

Soil organic matter (%)

1

n.s

Total crust cover

Site

1.11

n.s

Open vs. under plant (cover)

1.11

5.85055*

Interaction between site and cover

1.11

12.83538**

Carbon flux

Time

5.69

28.547***

Cyanobacterial type

1.69

n.s

Site

1.69

n.s

Interaction between cyanobacterial type and time

5.69

n.s

Interaction between cyanobacterial type and site

1.69

6.135*

Interaction between site and time

5.60

n.s

Cyanobacterial type * site * time

5.69

n.s

Gross photosynthesis

Ā 

Time

5.36

n.s

Site

1.36

12.333**

Interaction between site and time

5.36

n.s

  1. Statistical differences between factors for carbon flux and gross photosynthetic rates were determined using a general linear model, and the df, F, and statistical differences are shown below.
  2. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, n.s. not significant.