Table 3 Mean differences of parents’ and children’s outcomes at 8 and 14 weeks within and between groups.

From: RETRACTED ARTICLE: Online positive parenting programme for promoting parenting competencies and skills: randomised controlled trial

Variables

Intervention (n = 52)

Control (n = 51)

Change from baseline between groups

After intervention (8 weeks—baseline)

Change from baseline (14 weeks—baseline)

After intervention (8 weeks—baseline)

Change from baseline (14 weeks—baseline)

Mean (SD)

p

Mean (SD)

p

Mean (SD)

p

Mean (SD)

p

p

PSOC

Perceived valuing/comfort

− 0.48 (4.76)

0.499

0.69 (6.52)

0.469

1.31 (5.80)

0.112

0.86 (4.97)

0.227

0.883

Skill/knowledge

− 0.37 (3.44)

0.470

0.96 (3.53)

0.066

0.63 (3.96)

0.263

0.58 (3.57)

0.256

0.599

Total score

− 0.85 (6.19)

0.358

1.65 (8.35)

0.178

1.94 (6.94)

0.051

1.44 (6.27)

0.111

0.890

PSI

1.85 (11.12)

0.266

2.37 (14.04)

0.244

0.33 (9.37)

0.801

0.98 (11.02)

0.532

0.585

PSS

1.00 (6.40)

0.295

0.46 (7.24)

0.663

1.31 (6.37)

0.147

0.04 (6.32)

0.965

0.761

PSDQ

Authoritative

0.04 (0.37)

0.445

0.16 (0.37)

0.005*

0.06 (0.34)

0.189

0.15 (0.42)

0.017*

0.853

Authoritarian

0.00 (0.27)

0.964

0.00 (0.29)

0.967

− 0.00 (0.28)

0.966

0.00 (0.24)

> 0.999

0.974

Permissive

− 0.03 (0.48)

0.667

− 0.03 (0.49)

0.724

0.00 (0.49)

> 0.999

− 0.16 (0.47)

0.020*

0.173

Positive parenting score

0.07 (0.76)

0.533

0.18 (0.82)

0.129

0.07 (0.83)

0.573

0.31 (0.88)

0.018*

0.485

SDQ

Prosocial

0.11 (1.39)

0.597

0.21 (1.41)

0.312

− 0.02 (1.67)

0.933

0.18 (1.55)

0.415

0.925

Emotional

− 0.22 (1.35)

0.280

− 0.44 (1.38)

0.033*

− 0.31 (1.18)

0.062

− 0.30 (1.04)

0.046*

0.578

Conduct

0.09 (0.96)

0.543

0.02 (1.18)

0.903

0.06 (0.95)

0.659

− 0.16 (1.13)

0.322

0.440

Attention

0.00 (1.49)

> 0.999

− 0.06 (1.69)

0.799

− 0.02 (1.46)

0.924

0.40 (1.21)

0.024*

0.122

Friendship

− 0.07 (1.27)

0.730

− 0.21 (1.52)

0.346

0.14 (1.52)

0.523

− 0.04 (1.63)

0.863

0.598

Total difficulties score

− 0.20 (3.32)

0.692

− 0.69 (4.17)

0.259

− 0.14 (3.23)

0.763

− 0.10 (3.32)

0.832

0.442

  1. PSOC Parenting Sense of Competence, PSI Parenting Stress Index, PSS Parental Stress Scale, PSDQ Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire, SDQ Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.
  2. *p < 0.05.
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