Table 1 Characteristics of individuals with positive and negative celiac disease antibody test results.

	Celiac disease antibody positive^a	Celiac disease antibody negative^a	P-value^b
n	706	56,355
Sex (percent female)	72.8%	66.2%	< 0.001
Age median (IQR)	26 (13–40)	29 (20–44)	< 0.001
Country of origin^c			0.056
Danish	599 (84.8%)	46,155 (81.9%)
Not Danish	107 (15.2%)	10,200 (18.1%)
Education
Unknown	22 (3.1%)	1,613 (2.9%)	0.003
Low	51 (7.2%)	6,253 (11.1%)
Medium	211 (29.9%)	18,425 (32.7%)
High	422 (59.8%)	30,064 (53.3%)
Income median (IQR)^d	32,052.9 (21,858.0–43,031.8)	29,770.8 (20,229.5–41,433.8)	0.003
Number of contacts with primary health care five years before celiac disease measurement, median (IQR)^e	62 (36–93)	65 (38–105)	0.056

IQR Interquartile range.
^apositive celiac antibody test was defined as: IgA/IgG TTG of at least 7 U/ml or IgG DGP of at least 10 U/ml and a negative test was defined as IgA /IgG TTG under 7 U/ml and IgG DGP under 10 U/ml.
^bChi square tests were used to test differences between categorical variables. For continuous, (age and income) Wilcoxon test was used (age and income were not normally distributed). 2-sided p-values were reported for all tests. P-values were adjusted for multiple testing³⁹.
^cOrigin was derived from the population registry and grouped into Danish vs. non-Danish (comprising migrants and descendants of migrants).
^dThe household equivalized income in Euros. Income was missing for 361 individuals.
^eThe total number of contacts with primary health care, recorded from the reimbursement system the five years before celiac disease antibody measurement.

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