Table 1 Volatile oil constituents identified in the essential oils of fennel, anise, coriander, and cumin fruits were analyzed by GC–MS.
Compounds | (RI) | Rel. abundance (%) | IM | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fennel | Anise | Coriander | Cumin | |||
α-Pinene | 939 | 1.58 | – | 4.58 | 0.72 | RI, MS |
Camphene | 954 | 0.04 | – | 0.48 | – | RI, MS |
Sabinene | 954 | 0.34 | – | 0.16 | 0.8 | RI, MS |
β-Pinene | 979 | 0.14 | – | 0.39 | 14.43 | RI, MS |
Myrcene | 990 | 0.2 | – | 0.13 | 0.53 | RI, MS |
Carene | 1002 | 0.07 | – | – | 0.07 | RI, MS |
Cymene | 1024 | 0.15 | – | 0.49 | 4.56 | RI, MS |
Limonene | 1029 | 12.5 | – | 1.05 | – | RI, MS |
1,8-Cineole | 1031 | 0.18 | – | – | 0.31 | RI, MS |
O-Cimene | 1037 | 0.37 | – | – | – | RI, MS |
Terpinene | 1059 | 0.19 | – | 3.64 | 17.33 | RI, MS |
Camphor | 1146 | 0.1 | – | 3.61 | RI, MS | |
Methyl chavicol | 1196 | 79.88 | – | – | RI, MS | |
Fenchyl acetate | 1220 | 0.1 | – | – | – | RI, MS |
α-Copaene | 1376 | 0.03 | – | – | – | RI, MS |
Germacrene | 1481 | 0.03 | – | – | – | RI, MS |
Anethole | 1284 | – | 91.8 | – | – | RI, MS |
Element | 1338 | – | 0.23 | – | – | RI, MS |
α-Himachalene | 1451 | – | 0.43 | – | – | RI, MS |
β-Himachalene | 1482 | – | 5.33 | – | – | RI, MS |
α-Longipinene | 1352 | – | 0.04 | – | – | RI, MS |
Cyclosativene | 1371 | – | 0.02 | – | – | RI, MS |
α-Ylangene | 1375 | – | 0.07 | – | – | RI, MS |
β-Elemene | 1390 | – | 0.09 | – | – | RI, MS |
α- zingiberene | 1493 | – | 0.75 | – | – | RI, MS |
β- Himachalene | 1500 | – | 0.31 | – | – | RI, MS |
β-Bisabolene | 1505 | – | 0.25 | – | – | RI, MS |
β-Sesquiphellandrene | 1522 | – | 0.06 | – | – | RI, MS |
α-Thujene | 930 | 0.02 | – | 0.03 | 0.22 | RI, MS |
Terpinolene | 1088 | – | – | 0.13 | – | RI, MS |
Linalool | 1096 | – | – | 81.29 | – | RI, MS |
Citronellal | 1153 | – | – | 0.14 | – | RI, MS |
Borneol | 1169 | – | – | 1.48 | – | RI, MS |
α-Phellandrene | 1002 | – | – | – | 0.34 | RI, MS |
Sylvestrene | 1030 | – | – | – | 0.66 | RI, MS |
Terpinene-4-oL | 1177 | 0.03 | – | 0.22 | 0.08 | RI, MS |
β-cyclocitral | 1219 | – | – | – | 1.12 | RI, MS |
Cumin aldehyde | 1241 | – | – | – | 16.36 | RI, MS |
α-Terpinene-7-oL | 1285 | – | – | – | 8 | RI, MS |
β-Terpinene-7-oL | 1291 | – | – | – | 32.96 | RI, MS |
Mentha-14-dien-7-oL | 1327 | – | – | – | 0.47 | RI, MS |
Daucene | 1381 | – | – | – | 0.15 | RI, MS |
Caryophyllene | 1408 | – | – | – | 0.15 | RI, MS |
β-Farnesene | 1442 | – | – | – | 0.14 | RI, MS |
β-copaene | 1432 | – | – | – | 0.06 | RI, MS |
α-Acoradiene | 1466 | – | – | – | 0.11 | RI, MS |
Carotol | 1594 | – | – | – | 0.28 | RI, MS |
Eicosane | 2666 | – | – | 0.57 | – | RI, MS |
Tetratetra acontane | 2851 | – | – | 0.53 | – | RI, MS |
Heneicosane | 2368 | – | – | 0.34 | – | RI, MS |
Hexatriacontane | 2666 | – | – | 0.41 | – | RI, MS |
Hexadecanoic acid, trimethylsilyl ester | 2022 | 0.02 | 0.02 | – | 0.03 | RI, MS |
Total area | 95.97% | 99.40% | 99.67% | 99.88% | ||
Monoterpene hydrocarbons | 15.6% | – | 7.44% | 39.66% | ||
Oxygenated monoterpenes | 80.19% | 91.8% | 90.38% | 59.3% | ||
Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons | 0.06% | 7.58% | – | 0.61% | ||
Oxygenated sesquiterpenes | 0.1% | – | – | 0.28% | ||
Others | 0.02% | 0.02% | 1.85% | 0.03% | ||
