Table 1 Summary of pH, TH, TDS and ORP data for surface water samples from different townships in the Longzi County.

From: Hydrochemical characteristics of surface waters and their relationships to the Kashin–Beck Disease in Longzi County, Tibet

Township

Number of samples

pH

TH (mg L−1)

TDS (mg L−1)

ORP (mV)

Mean

Range

SDa

Mean

Range

SDa

Mean

Range

SDa

Mean

Range

SDa

Longzi

3

7.38

6.63–7.78

0.57

210.38

164.3–260.2

48.09

216.94

170.0–267.0

48.58

246.67

210–272

32.52

Ridang

11

7.27

6.73–7.66

0.28

141.03

35.2–321.5

76.43

172.54

46.0–473.0

133.77

287.18

228–393

44.03

Liemai

6

7.50

7.06–8.07

0.35

438.42

340.6–510.8

72.17

372.06

305.0–447.0

57.35

205.67

187–243

20.41

Rerong

4

7.39

7.01–7.72

0.36

333.5

195.8–528.3

141.73

314.43

175.7–454.0

114.35

266.00

248–302

24.43

San’anqulin

8

7.30

6.93–7.77

0.25

213.06

92.5–293.5

59.86

217.88

96.0–277.0

58.23

166.88

110–228

37.19

Zhunba

7

7.59

7.44–7.75

0.12

225.25

96.2–365.3

99.12

234.86

115.0–337.0

83.69

158.86

101–266

54.17

Xuesa

9

7.55

6.96–8.04

0.37

308.36

65.1–489.9

141.25

280.59

80.0–387.7

110.09

213.33

166–280

31.95

Zhari

19

7.32

6.81–7.91

0.26

54.03

15.6–86.9

22.69

64.21

18.0–103.0

24.77

90.89

43–133

24.66

Yumai

17

7.22

6.61–7.83

0.34

60.49

9.0–281.4

63.05

71.29

14.0–266.0

59.29

76.53

42–112

20.31

Jiayu

12

7.55

7.25–8.03

0.20

315.67

181.5–484.3

110.98

265.34

184.0–364.0

69.46

164.13

137–217

24.42

Douyu

8

7.75

7.44–7.96

0.20

228.56

143.8–346

56.43

260.75

172.0–371.0

58.00

212.83

161–289

34.26

Non-KBD areas

68

7.49

6.88–8.07

0.30

262.06

35.2–528.3

123.29

253.25

46.0–473.0

100.39

215.90

151–343

55.99

KBD areas

36

7.27

6.61–7.91

0.30

57.08

9.0–281.4

45.74

67.56

14.0–266.0

44.00

84.11

42–133

23.55

Whole county

104

7.41

6.61–8.07

0.32

191.1

9.0–528.3

142.13

188.97

14.0–473.0

122.86

204.89

42–393

77.32

  1. aStandard deviation (SD).