Table 1 Literature summary on MAAS, SART, and ES of MW measures.

From: On the relationship between mind wandering and mindfulness

Citation

Measures used

 

Reliability estimates

Estimates of association

MAAS

SART (acc)

SART (RT)

ES of MW

N

MAAS

SART (acc)

SART (RT)

ES of MW

SART (acc) and MAAS

SART (RT) and MAAS

ES of MW and MAAS

Mrazek et al. 20123

\(\checkmark\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\times\)

\(\checkmark\)

113

0.85

− 0.23

*

 

− 0.22

*

Smil ek et al. 201046

\(\checkmark\) \(^\text {a}\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\times\)

363

0.22\(^\text {a}\)

**

− 0.16\(^\text {a}\)

***

 

Cheyne et al . 2006 (Exp. 1)47

\(\checkmark\)

\(\times\)

\(\times\)

\(\times\)

449

0.87

 

 

 

Cheyne et al. 2006 (Exp. 2)47

\(\checkmark\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\times\)

504

0.88

0.86

0.98

− 0.31

***

0.17

***

 

Brown and Ryan 200331

\(\checkmark\)

\(\times\)

\(\times\)

\(\times\)

74–327

0.80–0.87

 

 

 

Park et al. 201332

\(\checkmark\)

\(\times\)

\(\times\)

\(\times\)

Review

0.87–0.92

 

 

 

Deng et al. 20144

\(\checkmark\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\times\)

\(\checkmark\)\(^\text {c}\)

23

− 0.45

*

 

0.44\(^\text {c}\)

*

Nayda et al. 20215

\(\checkmark\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\times\)

\(\checkmark\)\(^\text {c}\)

200

0.85

− 0.23

**

 

0.31\(^\text {c}\)

***

Sofuoglu et al. 200841

\(\times\)

\(\checkmark\) \(^\text {e}\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\times\)

11

0.94–0.98

 

 

 

O’Connel et al . 200942

\(\times\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\times\)

13

0.87, 0.89

 

 

 

Mc Vay and K ane 200943

\(\times\)

\(\checkmark\) \(^\text {b}\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\checkmark\)

244

0.95\(^\text {b}\)

0.93

0.89

 

 

 

Unsworth and McMillian 201444

\(\times\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\checkmark\)

252

0.83

0.92

 

 

 

Kane et al. 201645

\(\times\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\checkmark\)

472

0.96

0.98

0.93

 

 

 

McKillop et al. 200748

\(\checkmark\)

\(\times\)

\(\times\)

\(\times\)

727

0.89

 

 

 

Michalak et al. 200849

\(\checkmark\)

\(\times\)

\(\times\)

\(\times\)

469

0.83

 

 

 

Medvedev et al. 201650

\(\checkmark\)

\(\times\)

\(\times\)

\(\times\)

250

0.87

 

 

 

This stu dy (GUP)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\checkmark\) \(^\text {d}\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\checkmark\)

313

0.96

0.65

0.98

0.91

0.03\(^\text {d}\)

n.s.

0.06

n.s.

− 0.29

***

This study (EPP)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\checkmark\) \(^\text {d}\)

\(\checkmark\)

\(\checkmark\)

228

0.88

0.71

0.99

0.89

0.13\(^\text {d}\)

*

− 0.06

n.s.

0.041

n.s.

  1. Letters a–e indicate measures with inverse direction from those used by most other studies, to help with the comparison of association estimates. a \(=\) MAAS-LO used (a value of attention lapses which is inverse to the MAAS score that gives a value for mindfulness); b \(=\) used signal-detection sensitivity as SART measure; c \(=\) used on-task rate for ES of MW, while most other studies use an error rate; d \(=\) proportion of correct Nogo trials and not the error rate; e \(=\) Go trials error rate. Significance markers: *\(p< 0.05\); **\(p< 0.01\); ***\(p < 0.001\). n.s. \(=\) not significant. N \(=\) samples size(s). GUP \(=\) German-speaking unpaid participants. EPP \(=\) English-speaking paid participants.