Table 1 Means and standard deviations of the dependent variable (HFE) and the independent variables in Boston and Yokohama. Note that the "Composite ETN", "Green", "Undeveloped" and "Near water" variables were scaled to mean 0 and standard deviation of 1 according to their distribution in both study areas combined. The fact that the means of those four variables were positive in Boston and negative in Yokohama therefore means that Yokohama was characterized by relatively lower naturalness compared to Boston.

From: Nature and happiness in an individualist and a collectivist culture

Variable

Boston

Yokohama

HFE

0.51 (0.48)

0.46 (0.48)

Number of people

1.38 (0.77)

1.30 (0.70)

Composite ETN

0.37 (0.52)

− 0.31 (0.66)

Green

0.40 (1.06)

− 0.34 (0.80)

Undeveloped

0.19 (1.01)

− 0.16 (0.96)

Near water

0.50 (0.39)

− 0.42 (1.15)

Daytime

0.70 (0.46)

0.62 (0.48)

Weekend

0.49 (0.50)

0.46 (0.50)

Warm months

0.61 (0.49)

0.52 (0.50)