Table 3 Disease outcomes of smokers and nonsmokers with UC.
UC patients | Smoking N = 75 | Non-smoking N = 285 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Male | 71 (94.7%) | 149 (52.3%) | < 0.01* |
Age at diagnosis, median (Q1, Q3) | 48 (42, 57) | 39 (26, 52) | < 0.01* |
Follow-up, month (median, range) | 104 (47, 180) | 98 (40, 174) | 0.90 |
Medications | |||
Steroid (n, %) | 53 (70.7%) | 208 (73.0%) | 0.69 |
5-ASA (n, %) | 72 (96.0%) | 275 (96.5%) | 0.74† |
Azathioprine (n, %) | 26 (34.7%) | 119 (41.8%) | 0.27 |
Other immunomodulator a (n, %) | 5 (6.7%) | 23 (8.1%) | 0.69 |
Advanced therapy b (n, %) | 23 (30.7%) | 74 (26.0%) | 0.41 |
Times of admission (Mean, SD) | 1.6 (2.1) | 2.5 (4.9) | 0.02* |
Times of ER (Mean, SD) | 0.9 (1.5) | 1.0 (1.7) | 0.68 |
The Modified Mayo Score (Mean, SD) | 2.3 (0.9) | 2.25 (0.8) | 0.96 |
Surgery (n, %) | 11 (14.7%) | 22 (7.7%) | 0.06 |
Fistula, perforation, abscess (n, %) | 4 (5.3%) | 12 (4.2%) | 0.75† |
Stricture (obstruction) (n, %) | 1 (1.3%) | 3 (1.1%) | 1.00† |
Bleeding, refractory, or else (n, %) | 3 (4.0%) | 3 (1.1%) | 0.11† |
Malignancy (n, %) | 3 (4.0%) | 4 (1.4%) | 0.16† |
Cancer (n, %) | 12 (16.0%) | 19 (6.7%) | 0.01* |
Death (n, %) | 12 (16.0%) | 14 (4.9%) | < 0.01* |
Infection (n, %) | 5 (6.7%) | 8 (2.8%) | 0.16† |
Malignancy (n, %) | 4 (5.3%) | 5 (1.8%) | 0.09† |
Cardiovascular disease (n, %) | 2 (2.7%) | 0 | 0.04† |
Others (n, %) | 1 (1.3%) | 1 (0.4%) | 0.37† |
Baseline hemoglobin (mg/dL) (Mean, SD) | 12.7 (2.5) | 12.1 (2.4) | 0.11 |
Baseline CRP (mg/dL) (Mean, SD) | 2.9 (4.9) | 2.2 (3.5) | 0.29 |
Baseline albumin (mg/dL) (Mean, SD) | 3.8 (0.8) | 3.9 (0.7) | 0.70 |
Extent at diagnosis (n, %) | 0.86 | ||
Proctitis | 12 (16.9%) | 41 (15.8%) | |
Left-sided | 23 (32.4%) | 93 (35.9%) | |
Extensive | 36 (50.7%) | 125 (48.3%) | |
