Table 4 Disease outcomes of smokers and nonsmokers with CD.
CD patients | Smoking N = 63 | Non-smoking N = 277 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Male | 59 (93.7%) | 171 (61.7%) | < 0.01* |
Age at diagnosis, median (Q1,Q3) | 44 (32, 53) | 22 (15, 36) | < 0.01* |
Follow-up, month (median, range) | 85 (34, 129) | 84 (43,153) | 0.13 |
Medications | |||
Steroid (n, %) | 50 (79.4%) | 231 (83.4%) | 0.45 |
5-ASA (n, %) | 55 (87.3%) | 258 (93.1%) | 0.12 |
Azathioprine (n, %) | 41 (65.1%) | 190 (68.6%) | 0.59 |
Other immunomodulator a (n, %) | 7 (11.1%) | 34 (12.3%) | 0.80 |
Advanced therapy b (n, %) | 32 (50.8%) | 133 (48.0%) | 0.69 |
Times of admission (Mean, SD) | 3.1 (2.8) | 4.8 (6.1) | < 0.01* |
Times of ER (Mean, SD) | 1.8 (2.8) | 2.3 (3.4) | 0.32 |
SES-CD (Mean, SD) | 6.5 (4.6) | 7.3 (5.3) | 0.30 |
Surgery (n, %) | 38 (60.3%) | 106 (38.3%) | < 0.01* |
Fistula, perforation, abscess (n, %) | 18 (28.6%) | 60 (21.7%) | 0.24 |
Stricture (obstruction) (n, %) | 15 (23.8%) | 34 (12.3%) | 0.02* |
Bleeding, refractory, or else (n, %) | 8 (12.7%) | 20 (7.2%) | 0.15 |
Malignancy (n, %) | 5 (7.9%) | 7 (2.5%) | 0.05*† |
Others (n, %) | 5 (7.9%) | 6 (2.2%) | 0.03*† |
Cancer (n, %) | 4 (6.4%) | 14 (5.1%) | 0.75† |
Death (n, %) | 2 (3.2%) | 10 (3.6%) | 1.00† |
Baseline hemoglobin (mg/dL) (Mean, SD) | 12.4 (2.3) | 11.6 (2.2) | 0.02* |
Baseline CRP (mg/dL) (Mean, SD) | 3.7 (5.7) | 3.8 (4.8) | 0.89 |
Baseline albumin (mg/dL) (Mean, SD) | 3.7 (0.8) | 3.8 (0.8) | 0.25 |
Location at diagnosis (n, %) | < 0.01* | ||
Terminal ileal (L1) | 13 (23.6%) | 34 (14.3%) | |
Colonic (L2) | 16 (29.1%) | 125 (52.5%) | |
Ileocolonic (L3) | 26 (47.3%) | 79 (33.2%) | |
Behavior at diagnosis (n, %) | 0.03* | ||
Non-stricturing and non-penetrating (B1) | 30 (54.6%) | 173 (72.4%) | |
Stricturing (B2) | 18 (32.7%) | 50 (20.9%) | |
Penetrating (B3) | 7 (12.7%) | 16 (6.7%) | |
