Table 3 Effect of matching on covariate balance (standardized mean difference).

From: Short-term causal effects of common treatments in ambulatory children and young adults with cerebral palsy: three machine learning estimates

Treatment

Kinematics

Propensity

Physical examination

Raw

Matched

Raw

Matched

Raw

Matched

Selective dorsal rhizotomy

0.22 (0.23)

0.08 (0.05)

0.60 (0.69)

0.11 (0.11)

0.30 (0.30)

0.09 (0.07)

Neurotoxin injection

0.08 (0.06)

0.05 (0.03)

0.23 (0.27)

0.05 (0.06)

0.11 (0.11)

0.06 (0.05)

Rectus transfer

0.25 (0.20)

0.10 (0.08)

1.09 (0.74)

0.13 (0.10)

0.35 (0.34)

0.12 (0.10)

Femoral derotation osteotomy

0.14 (0.13)

0.07 (0.05)

0.56 (0.50)

0.11 (0.08)

0.20 (0.22)

0.08 (0.06)

Tibial derotation osteotomy

0.14 (0.11)

0.07 (0.06)

0.69 (0.41)

0.10 (0.12)

0.19 (0.21)

0.08 (0.07)

Psoas release

0.23 (0.17)

0.14 (0.10)

0.99 (0.64)

0.14 (0.07)

0.33 (0.31)

0.15 (0.11)

Adductor release

0.34 (0.24)

0.10 (0.07)

1.05 (0.69)

0.12 (0.08)

0.41 (0.34)

0.12 (0.10)

Hamstrings lengthening

0.28 (0.21)

0.16 (0.13)

0.89 (0.60)

0.15 (0.09)

0.33 (0.30)

0.16 (0.13)

Calf muscle lengthening

0.12 (0.08)

0.08 (0.06)

0.55 (0.48)

0.14 (0.10)

0.18 (0.21)

0.09 (0.07)

DFEO

0.33 (0.29)

0.18 (0.13)

1.40 (1.33)

0.16 (0.19)

0.45 (0.52)

0.19 (0.16)

Patellar advancement

0.27 (0.24)

0.11 (0.08)

0.97 (0.78)

0.13 (0.10)

0.36 (0.35)

0.13 (0.10)

Foot and ankle: bone

0.16 (0.17)

0.12 (0.09)

0.69 (0.41)

0.13 (0.07)

0.21 (0.25)

0.11 (0.09)

Foot and ankle: soft tissue

0.14 (0.10)

0.08 (0.07)

0.63 (0.40)

0.17 (0.12)

0.20 (0.22)

0.11 (0.09)

Mean

0.21

0.10

0.79

0.13

0.28

0.11

  1. All values mean (SD).