Table 4 Antenna array total efficiency.

From: An innovative antenna array with high inter element isolation for sub-6 GHz 5G MIMO communication systems

Total Efficiency

Minimum value

Maximum value

Average value (%)

Ref. Ant

63% @ 4.62 GHz

65.5% @ 3.8 GHz

64

Ant. with T-stub

69.5% @ 3.12 GHz

71.5% @ 3.6 GHz

70

Ant. with T-stub and dot-wall

74% @ 3.62 GHz

78% @ 4.4 GHz

76

Optimized Ant. with DGS (Measured)

78% @ 3.25 GHz

84% @ 4.65 GHz

81

Average improvement of optimized Ant. c.f. Ref. Ant

17%