Table 3 Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models of the primary outcome.

From: Potential association with malnutrition and allocation of combination medical therapies in hospitalized heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction

Medication class

Outcome analysis

HR [95%CI]

p value

Triple therapy

0.70 [0.55–0.91]

0.006

Double therapy

0.70 [0.56–0.89]

0.003

Single therapy

Reference

None medical therapy

1.62 [1.07–2.47]

0.024

  1. These models were adjusted by the following variables: age, sex, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, renal dysfunction (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2), ejection fraction, history of heart failure hospitalization, ischemic etiology, atrial fibrillation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, use of loop diuretics, use of statins and medical therapy (triple, double, single, and no optimal medical therapy), as well as geriatric nutritional risk index.
  2. BB beta-blocker, RASi renin-angiotensin system inhibitor, MRA mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist.
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