Table 1 Patients and disease characteristics according to treatment group.

From: Outcomes of simultaneous laparoscopic, hybrid, and open resection in colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases: a propensity score-matched study

 

Before propensity score matching

After propensity score matching

Lap (n = 51)

Hybrid (n = 154)

Open (n = 442)

p value

Lap (n = 42)

Hybrid (n = 81)

p value

Lap (n = 48)

Open (n = 136)

p value

Patients

          

 Age, median (range)

63 (23–76)

60 (31–85)

60 (21–86)

0.947

64 (23–76)

59 (31–85)

0.455

61 (23–76)

62 (21–86)

0.568

 Gender, n (%)

   

0.982

  

0.885

  

0.939

  Male

32 (62.7)

98 (63.6)

283 (64.0)

 

27 (64.3)

51 (63.0)

 

31 (64.6)

87 (64.0)

 

  Female

19 (37.3)

56 (36.4)

159 (36.0)

 

15 (35.7)

30 (37.0)

 

17 (35.4)

49 (36.0)

 

 Race, n (%)

   

0.628

  

N.A

  

 > 0.999

  Asian

51 (100)

154 (100)

440 (99.5)

 

42 (100)

81 (100)

 

48 (100)

135 (99.3)

 

  White

0 (0)

0 (0)

2 (0.5)

 

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

0 (0)

1 (0.7)

 

 BMI, median (range)

23.4 (16.8–31.8)

23.3 (17.0–32.1)

23.0 (13.9–36.1)

0.715

23.6 (16.8–31.8)

23.2 (18.3–30.1)

0.957

23.4 (16.8–31.8)

22.7 (16.6–32.4)

0.404

 ASA-PS, n (%)

   

0.973

  

0.605

  

 > 0.999

  I–II

49 (96.1)

148 (96.1)

423 (95.7)

 

40 (95.2)

79 (97.5)

 

46 (95.8)

128 (94.1)

 

  III–IV

2 (3.9)

6 (3.9)

19 (4.3)

 

2 (4.8)

2 (2.5)

 

2 (4.2)

8 (5.9)

 

Colorectal tumor

          

 Location, n (%)

   

 < 0.001

  

0.544

  

0.787

  Rt. colon

10 (19.6)

6 (3.9)

104 (23.5)

 

5 (11.9)

6 (7.4)

 

9 (18.8)

32 (23.5)

 

  Lt. colon

22(43.1)

57 (37.0)

179 (40.5)

 

19 (45.2)

33 (40.7)

 

21 (43.8)

57 (41.9)

 

  Rectum

19 (37.3)

91 (59.1)

159 (36.0)

 

18 (42.9)

42 (51.9)

 

18 (37.5)

47 (34.6)

 

Liver metastases

          

 Number of lesions, n (%)

   

0.030

  

0.899

  

0.801

  1

29 (56.9)

74 (48.1)

166 (37.6)

 

23 (54.8)

42 (51.9)

 

27 (56.3)

79 (58.1)

 

  2–4

17 (33.3)

61 (39.6)

205 (46.4)

 

14 (33.3)

27 (33.3)

 

16 (33.3)

47 (34.6)

 

  > 4

5 (9.8)

19 (12.3)

71 (16.1)

 

5 (11.9)

12 (14.8)

 

5 (10.4)

10 (7.4)

 

 Distribution, n (%)

   

0.020

  

0.320

  

0.790

  Unilobar

42 (82.4)

103 (66.9)

278 (62.9)

 

34 (81.0)

59 (72.8)

 

40 (83.3)

111 (81.6)

 

  Bilobar

9 (17.6)

51 (33.1)

164 (37.1)

 

8 (19.0)

22 (27.2)

 

8 (16.7)

25 (18.4)

 

 Location, n (%)

          

  Segment 1

0 (0)

10 (6.5)

20 (4.5)

0.158

0 (0)

4 (4.9)

0.298

0 (0)

3 (2.2)

0.569

  Segment 2

9 (17.6)

34 (22.1)

93 (21.0)

0.797

8 (19.0)

18 (22.2)

0.683

9 (18.8)

21 (15.4)

0.594

  Segment 3

12 (23.5)

25 (16.2)

82 (18.6)

0.501

9 (21.4)

12 (14.8)

0.355

11 (22.9)

20 (14.7)

0.191

  Segment 4a

9 (17.6)

30 (19.5)

94 (21.3)

0.775

9 (21.4)

16 (19.8)

0.827

9 (18.8)

14 (10.3)

0.128

  Segment 4b

4 (7.8)

12 (7.8)

49 (11.1)

0.434

3 (7.1)

9 (11.1)

0.750

4 (8.3)

12 (8.8)

 > 0.999

  Segment 5

15 (29.4)

39 (25.3)

126 (28.5)

0.724

12 (28.6)

20 (24.7)

0.642

15 (31.3)

35 (25.7)

0.460

  Segment 6

16 (31.4)

59 (38.3)

173 (39.1)

0.558

13 (31.0)

32 (39.5)

0.350

14 (29.2)

45 (33.1)

0.617

  Segment 7

12 (23.5)

45 (29.2)

165 (37.3)

0.045

11 (26.2)

20 (24.7)

0.856

11 (22.9)

36 (26.5)

0.627

  Segment 8

12 (23.5)

47 (30.5)

155 (35.1)

0.188

12 (28.6)

21 (25.9)

0.754

12 (25.0)

33 (24.3)

0.919

Postero-superior segments or caudate lobe*, n (%)

26 (51.0)

101 (65.6)

311 (70.4)

0.016

25 (59.5)

48 (59.3)

0.977

25 (52.1)

71 (52.2)

0.988

Close proximity to major vessels†, n (%)

2 (3.9)

8 (5.2)

30 (6.8)

0.617

2 (4.8)

4 (4.9)

 > 0.999

2 (4.2)

9 (6.6)

0.731

Diaphragm infiltration

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

N.A

0 (0)

0 (0)

N.A

0 (0)

0 (0)

N.A

 Neoadjuvant Tx, n (%)

   

0.035

  

0.040

  

0.348

  No

46 (90.2)

112 (72.7)

351 (79.4)

 

38 (90.5)

62 (76.5)

 

43 (89.6)

115 (84.6)

 

  CTx only

1 (2.0)

27 (17.5)

64 (14.5)

 

1 (2.4)

15 (18.5)

 

1 (2.1)

11 (8.1)

 

  CRTx

4 (7.8)

15 (9.7)

27 (6.1)

 

3 (7.1)

4 (4.9)

 

4 (8.3)

10 (7.4)

 

 CEA level, median (range)

   

0.058

  

0.237

  

0.576

 ≤ 5 ng/mL

21 (43.8)

41 (26.8)

148 (34.8)

 

17 (43.6)

26 (32.5)

 

20 (44.4)

52 (39.7)

 

 > 5 ng/mL

27 (56.3)

112 (73.2)

277 (65.2)

 

22 (56.4)

54 (67.5)

 

25 (55.6)

79 (60.3)

 
  1. Lap, laparoscopic; BMI, body mass index; ASA-PS, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification, Rt. colon, right colon; Lt. colon, left colon; Tx, therapy; CTx, chemotherapy; CRTx, chemoradiotherapy; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; N.A., not applicable.
  2. *Segments 1, 4a, 7, and/or 8.
  3. †The hilum, major hepatic veins, and/or inferior vena cava.
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