Figure 3

Paleo-environmental indicators. The age-depth correlation of the LS-C19 with paleo-environmental indicators: (a) Cladocera-based water level inference based on the proportion of planktonic to littoral taxa (Supp Table 1, Supp Fig. 3) in LS-C19 sediments; (b) Cladocera-based trophy inference based on the proportion of high trophy indicator taxa in Chydoridae family (Supp Table 1, Supp Fig. 3); (c) Diatom-based water level inference based on the proportion of planktonic to littoral taxa in LS-C19 sediments (Supp Table 2, Supp Fig. 4); (d) Diatom-based trophy inference shown as proportion of diatom taxa indicative to oligo-, meso-, eu- and oligotrophic status of water (Supp Table 2, Supp Fig. 4); (e) proportion of the sediment components based on loss on ignition (LOI) measurements at different temperatures—organic matter (550 °C), carbonate (950 °C) and ash (non-carbonate mineral residue) in LS-C19 sediments. Sediment composition of LS-C19 is dominated by the carbonate component (46–85%) with organic matter ranging from 11 to 32%, whereas the non-carbonate mineral matter ranges from 3 to 30% (Supp Data 1); (f) proportion of arboreal pollen (tree sum) to non-arboreal plants pollen, indicator of the landscape openness; (g) selected tree pollen curves; (h) sum of the cereal pollen (includes the pollen of Secale cereale, Triticum sp., Linum usitatissimum, Cerealia undiff., Fagopyrum sp., and Cannabis sativa L.); (i) sum of the weeds pollen (includes segetal and ruderal weeds Centaurea cyanus, Convolvulus arvensis, Artemisia sp., Chenopodiaceae, Urtica, Brassicaceae, Rumex acetosella t., Spergula arvensis, Scleranthus annuus); (j) Plantago lanceolata pollen sum (indicator of pastoral activity); (k) Cannabis sativa L. pollen and Cannabis sativa/Humulus type pollen sum (when unequivocal distinction of the grain type was impossible); (l) fibre count (absolute number) per 1 g of sediments, with threshold level for hemp retting practices (400 fibres/1 g); layers which sedDNA was extracted from are marked in red.