Table 2 Comparison of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) between TMD groups.

From: Comparison of sleep quality deterioration by subgroup of painful temporomandibular disorder based on diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders

Parameter

Myalgia (n=120)

Arthralgia (n=62)

Mixed TMD pain (n=155)

  

n (%) or Mean ± SD

n (%) or Mean ± SD

n (%) or Mean ± SD

Post-hoc

p-value

PSQI

Component 1: Subjective sleep quality (0–3)

1.28 ± 1.16

1.19 ± 1.40

1.52 ± 1.24

 

0.108

Component 2: Sleep latency (0–3)

0.83 ± 0.75

0.77 ± 0.76

0.97 ± 0.71

 

0.118

Component 3: Sleep duration (0–3)

0.92 ± 1.03

0.55 ± 0.72

0.88 ± 0.97

1>2, 3>2

0.035*

Component 4: Sleep efficiency (0–3)

0.57 ± 0.98

0.18 ± 0.46

0.46 ± 0.89

1>2, 3>2

0.016*

Component 5: Sleep disturbances (0–3)

1.22 ± 0.61

1.11 ± 0.66

1.35 ± 0.62

3>2

0.023*

Component 6: Use of sleep medication (0–3)

0.14 ± 0.54

0.03 ± 0.25

0.19 ± 0.59

 

0.147

Component 7: Daytime dysfunction (0–3)

1.44 ± 0.91

1.32 ± 0.92

1.59 ± 0.86

 

0.100

PSQI global score (0–21)

6.40 ± 3.22

5.16 ± 2.94

6.97 ± 3.38

1>2, 3>2

0.001**

Poor sleeper (PSQI global score ≥ 5)

86 (71.7)

34 (54.8)

119 (76.8)

1>2, 3>2

0.006**

  1. The results were obtained from χ2 test with Bonferroni adjusted post hoc analysis and the mean difference between groups was obtained by ANOVA) with Tukey’s post-hoc test. p-Value significance was set at <0.05. *: p-value <0.05, **: p-value <0.01. TMD: temporomandibular disorder, VAS: visual analogue scale, SD: standard deviation, 1 in Post-hoc test: the mean value of myalgia group, 2 in Post-hoc test: the mean value of arthralgia group, 3 in Post-hoc test: the mean value of mixed TMD pain group.
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