Table 2 Adjusted longitudinal associations of physical activity and F&V intake with cognitive decline in the Taiwan Longitudinal Survey on Aging from 1999 to 2015.

From: The combined effect of physical activity and fruit and vegetable intake on decreasing cognitive decline in older Taiwanese adults

 

Model 1

Model 2

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

Physical activity

High

0.40

0.30–0.52

  

Moderate

0.58

0.32–1.02

  

Inactive

1

   

Fruit-vegetable intake

High

0.60

0.41–0.84

  

Moderate

0.86

0.53–1.37

  

Low

1

   

Combine physical activity (PA) and fruit-vegetable (F & V) intake

Both high

  

0.37

0.23–0.59

Only high PA

  

0.60

0.34–1.05

Only high FV

  

0.55

0.35–0.87

Others

  

0.77

0.44–1.33

Both low

  

1

 

Sex

Men

1

 

1

 

Women

0.55

0.40–0.74

0.55

0.41–0.75

Age

53–64

1

 

1

 

65–74

11.75

5.38–25.63

11.71

5.41–25.32

≧ 75

33.91

15.63–73.57

36.94

17.20–79.29

Education (years)

≦ 6

1

 

1

 

7–12

0.40

0.24–0.64

0.39

0.24–0.62

≧ 13

1.33

0.75–2.35

1.25

0.71–2.19

Marriage

Yes

0.80

0.61–1.04

0.78

0.60–1.00

No

1

 

1

 

Smoking

Yes

0.67

0.43–1.03

0.67

0.44–1.02

No

1

 

1

 

Drinking

Yes

0.92

0.63–1.33

0.89

0.62–1.28

No

1

 

1

 

Hypertension

Yes

1.08

0.84–1.40

1.11

0.87–1.43

No

1

 

1

 

Diabetes

Yes

1.72

1.25–2.36

1.74

1.27–2.40

No

1

 

1

 

Heart disease

Yes

0.93

0.70–1.23

0.92

0.70–1.22

No

1

 

1

 

Stroke

Yes

2.00

1.32–3.03

2.19

1.45–3.32

No

1

 

1

 

Cancer

Yes

1.16

0.64–2.10

1.14

0.64–2.04

No

1

 

1

 

Tea consumption

 < 3

0.90

0.67–1.22

0.90

0.68–1.22

≧ 3

1

 

1

 

Depressive symptoms

Yes

1.56

1.21–2.03

1.67

1.28–2.17

No

1

 

1

 

Life satisfaction

Satisfied

0.90

0.70–1.16

0.87

0.68–1.12

Unsatisfied

1

 

1

 
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